Level of Depression, Anxiety and Stress as Correlates to Alcohol Dependence: Basis for Behavioral Intervention Program

Jonathan Rey   Indon,

Level of Depression, Anxiety and Stress as Correlates to Alcohol Dependence: Basis for Behavioral Intervention Program

Discipline: Education

Abstract:

The researcher sought to study the level of depression, anxiety and stress of individuals working in construction industry as well as its correlation to alcohol dependence. The data was gathered using questionnaires to get a picture of the beliefs and or behaviors of the sample. The chosen participants in the research were selected to be the representative of all the individuals that the researcher wishes to know about the population, then correlating them to discover the relationships among variables. Major findings were revealed: There was a significant relationship between depression and alcohol dependence, anxiety and alcohol dependence and stress and alcohol dependence. In addition, among the 181 respondents in terms of depression from Mild to Extremely Severe 66.30% experienced depressive symptoms one way or another. In terms of anxiety, Extremely Severe got the highest percentage value, 38.67%. As to stress Normal, the highest is 46.41% and finally, for alcohol dependence, 55.80% of them are in Low Level of dependency.

References:

Becker, H.C., (2012). Effects of Alcohol Dependence and Withdrawal on Stress Responsiveness and Alcohol Consumption. Alcohol Res. 34(4): 448– 458
Boden, J.M., & Fergusson, D.M. (2011) Alcohol and depression. Addiction. 106(5), 906-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03351.x.
Cook R.L., Cook C.L., Karki M., Weber K.M., Thoma K.A., Loy C.M., Goparaju L. and Rahim-Williams B. (2016). Perceived benefits and negative consequences of alcohol consumption in women living with HIV: a qualitative study. Cook et al. BMC Public Health (2016) 16:263 doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2928-x
Danzo, S., Connell, A.M., Stormshak, E.A., (2017). Associations between alcohol-use and depression symptoms in adolescence: Examining gender differences and pathways over time. The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. J Adolesc. 56, 64-74. Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.01.007
Hamilton, K. R., Ansell, E. B., Reynolds, B., Potenza, M. N. & Sinha, R. (2013). Self-reported impulsivity, but not behavioral choice or response impulsivity, partially mediates the effect of stress on drinking behavior. Stress, 16(1): 3–15 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. doi:10.3109/10253890.2012.671397
McLeod, S. (2018). Correlation. Simply Psychology. Retrived November 6, 2019 from https://www.simplypsychology.org/correlation.html
McMurran, M. (2011). Anxiety, alcohol intoxication, and aggression. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 16, 357–371. The British Psychological Society. DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8333.2011.02012.x
National Institute of Mental Health. (2015). Depression. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. (NIH Publication No. 15-3561). Bethesda, MD: U.S. Government Printing Office.
National Institute of Mental Health (n.d.). 5 Things You Should Know About Stress. NIH Publication No. OM 16-4310. Retrieved July 31, 2019 from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/stress/index.shtml .
Phillips, R. (2014). In Alcohol: A History. University of North Carolina Press.
Silva, E. C., & Tucci, A. M. (2018). Correlation between anxiety and alcohol consumption among college students. Revista Psicologia: Teoria e Prática, 20(2), 107-119. São Paulo, SP, maio-ago. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1980-6906/psicologia.v20n2p107-119 .