Since the Reform Era in Indonesia, the women in development (WID) approach has shifted into gender and development (GAD). In politics, the perspective is characterized by an electoral system that set the minimal quota, 30%, for women’s representation in the parliament. So far, Indonesia has held three elections with that minimal quota. However, with
the 2014 election, the representation of women in the national parliament is under 30%.
Java is the most advanced island in Indonesia, meaning that the development of education in this island is more than the other Indonesian areas. Still, Java also failed to attain the desired 30% target. Among six provinces in Java, none of them has attained the 30% women representation—Jakarta Province (26.6%), Banten Province (18.8%), West Java Province (22%), Central Java Province (24%), Yogyakarta Province (25%), and East Java Province (25%)
ISSN 0119-8386 (Print)
Philippine E-Journals
