Home⇛International Research Journal of Science, Technology, Education, and Management⇛vol. 2 no. 4 (2022)

Growth of Trichoderma harzianum using starch-based household kitchen wastes

Mary Rose T. Escalante | Ricky B. Acanto | Marjohn Thomas N. Conlu | Mary Grace F. Langcoy | Susan V. Lirazan | Julie Ann B. Mario

 

Abstract:

Household kitchen wastes (HKW) are escalating due to rapid population growth and urbanization. To address the negative impact of throwing the HKW, the utilization and production of valuable bio-resourced potential for farmers are crucial. The study aimed to determine the growth of Trichoderma harzianum using discarded cassava, taro, sweet potato, and arrowroot peelings collected from households. Oven-dried wastes were extracted in vacuo to obtain the starch, used as alternative culture media, and compared with potato dextrose agar (PDA). The result showed that T. harzianum growth in formulated culture media had similar surface color characteristics in the colony grown in PDA. Variations in texture and hyphal thickness occurred among culture media: cassava peelings have slightly compact with concentric rings; taro and sweet potato peelings have concentric rings; arrowroot and PDA produced puffy concentric rings. Thin hyphal thickness was observed in both PDA and arrowroot, while the three media have moderately thick to thick characteristics. The linear growth of different culture media formulated from HKW is comparable to PDA, used as the standard culture medium for T. harzianum. The result suggests that the different starch-based HKW may be used as alternative culture media for the commercial production of T. harzianum, which may support pests' biocontrol and the farmers' increased yield.



References:

  1. Abol-Fotouh, D., Hassan, M.A., Shokry, H., Roig, A., Azab, M.S., & Kashyout, A.E.H.B. (2020). Bacterial nanocellulose from agro-industrial wastes: low-cost and enhanced production by Komagataeibacter saccharivorans MD1. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/S41598-020-60315-9
  2. Acanto, R.B. (2016). Solid waste management practices in selected food service establishments in Talisay City, Negros Island Region, Philippines. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 05(04), 321-325. https://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0504062
  3. Akharaiyi, F. & Abiola, M. (2016). Isolation and Cultivation of Fungi with agrowastes fromulated media, 8(9). Aquino, A.P., Derequito, J.A.P., & Festejo-Abeleda, M.A. (2013). Ecological Solid Waste Management Act: Environmental Protection Through Proper Solid Waste Practice | FFTC Agricultural Policy Platform (FFTC-AP). FFTCAgricultural Policy Platform: Food and Fertilizer Technology for Asian and Pacific Region. https://ap.fftc.org.tw/article/588
  4. Aryal, S. (2022). Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA)- Principle, uses, procedure & characteristics. Microbiology Info.Com. https://microbiologyinfo.com/potato-dextrose-agar-pda-principle-uses-composition procedure-and-colony-characteristics/
  5. Cantabella, D., Dolcet-Sanjuan, R., Solsona, C., Vilanova, L., Torres, R., & Teixidó, N. (2021). Optimization of a food industry-waste-based medium for the production of the plant growth promoting microorganism Pseudomonas oryzihabitans PGP01 based on agro-food industries by-products. Biotechnology Reports, 32, e00675. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BTRE.2021.E00675
  6. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Biosafety in microbiological and biomedical laboratories (L. C. Choosewood & D. E. Wilson (eds.); 5th ed.). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/labs/pdf/CDC-BiosafetymicrobiologicalBiomedicalLaboratories-2009-P.pdf
  7. dos Santos, F.P., de Magalhaes, D.C.M.M., Nascimento, J. dos S., & Ramos, G.L. de P.A. (2022). Use of products of vegetable origin and waste from hortofruticulture for alternative culture media. Food Science and Technology, 42, e00621. https://www.scielo.br/j/cta/a/TDXgXVMRFdYKhss6dsbbBJM/?format=pdf&lang=en
  8. Dusuki, N.J.S., Abu Bakar, M.F., Abu Bakar, F.I., Ismail, N.A., & Azman, M.I. (2020). Proximate composition and antioxidant potential of selected tubers peel. Food Research, 4(1), 121-126. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(1).178
  9. Fakir, M S., Jannat, M., Mostafa, M., & Seal, H. (2012). Starch and flour extraction and nutrient composition of tuber in seven cassava accessions. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ, 10(2), 217-222.
  10. Ferreira Nogueira, G., Fakhouri, M., & Augustus De Oliveira, R. (2018). Extraction and characterization of arrowroot (Maranta arundinaceae L.) starch and its application in edible films. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.024
  11. Gurav, M.V, & Pathade, G.R. (2011). Microbiological media from temple waste: An eco-friendly approach of waste management. Nature of Environment and Pollution Technology, 10(4), 629–632. www.neptjournal.com
  12. Guzmán-Guzmán, P., Porras-Troncoso, M. D., Olmedo-Monfil, V., & Herrera-Estrella, A. (2019). Trichoderma species: Versatile plant symbionts. Phytopathology, 109(1), 6-16. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-18-0218-RVW/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/PHYTO-07-18-0218-RVW_F2.JPEG
  13. Harman, G.E., Doni, F., Khadka, R.B., & Uphoff, N. (2021). Endophytic strains of Trichoderma increase plants’ photosynthetic capability. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 130(2), 529-546. https://doi.org/10.1111/JAM.14368
  14. Harman, G.E. (2011). Trichoderma-not just for biocontrol anymore. Phytoparasitica, 39(2), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12600-011-0151-Y/FIGURES/2
  15. Harman, G.E., Howell, C.R., Viterbo, A., Chet, I., & Lorito, M. (2004). Trichoderma species — opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2(1), 43-56. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro797
  16. Herrera-Estrella, A., & Chet, I. (2004). The biological control agent Trichoderma from fundamentals to applications. In D. Arora (Ed.), Handbook of Fungal Biotechnology (2nd ed.). Marcel Dekker, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203913369.CH13
  17. Huang, C.C., Chen, Y.F., & Wang, C.C.R. (2010). Effects of micronization on the physico-chemical properties of peels of three root and tuber crops. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(5), 759-763. https://doi.org/10.1002/JSFA.3879
  18. Jadhav, P., Sonne, M., Kadam, A., Patil, S., Dahigaonkar, K., & Oberoi, J.K. (2018). Formulation of cost effective alternative bacterial culture media using fruit and vegetables wastes. Int J Cur Res Rev |, 10(2), 6-15. https://doi.org/10.7324/IJCRR.2018.1022
  19. Kadam, A., Patil, S., Sonne, M., Dahigaonkar, K., & Oberoi, J. K. (2017). Cost effective alternative fungal culture media formulation using fruit and vegetable waste. International Journal of Current Research, 9(9), 56887- 56893. http://www.journalcra.com
  20. Kitahara, K., Nakamura, Y., Otani, M., Hamada, T., Nakayachi, O., & Takahata, Y. (2017). Carbohydrate components in sweetpotato storage roots: their diversities and genetic improvement. Breeding Science, 67(1), 72. https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS.16135
  21. Matsakas, L., Kekos, D., Loizidou, M., & Christakopoulos, P. (2014). Utilization of household food waste for the production of ethanol at high dry material content. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 7(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-7-4
  22. Nusaibah, S.A., & Musa, H. (2019). A review report on the mechanism of Trichoderma spp. as biological control agent of the basal stem rot (BSR) disease of Elaeis guineensis. In M. M. Shah (Ed.), Trichoderma - The Most Widely Used Fungicide: Vol. edited volume. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84469
  23. Otache, M.A., Ubwa, S.T., & Godwin, A.K. (2017). Proximate analysis and mineral composition of peels of three sweet cassava cultivars. Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences, 3(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJOPACS/2017/36502
  24. Poveda, J. (2021). Trichoderma as biocontrol agent against pests: New uses for a mycoparasite. Biological Control, 159, 104634. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIOCONTROL.2021.104634
  25. Rush, T.A., Shrestha, H.K., Gopalakrishnan Meena, M., Spangler, M.K., Ellis, J.C., Labbé, J.L., & Abraham, P.E. (2021). Bioprospecting Trichoderma: A systematic roadmap to screen genomes and natural products for biocontrol applications. Frontiers in Fungal Biology, 0, 41. https://doi.org/10.3389/FFUNB.2021.716511
  26. Sánchez-Montesinos, B., Santos, M., Moreno-Gavíra, A., Marín-Rodulfo, T., Gea, F.J., & Diánez, F. (2021). Biological control of fungal diseases by Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum and its compatibility with fungicides. Journal of Fungi, 7(8), 598. https://doi.org/10.3390/JOF7080598
  27. Sandoval-Denis, M., Sutton, D.A., Cano-Lira, J.F., Gené, J., Fothergill, A.W., Wiederhold, N.P., & Guarro, J. (2014). Phylogeny of the clinically relevant species of the emerging fungus Trichoderma and their antifungal susceptibilities. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 52(6), 2125. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00429-14
  28. Shah, M.M. & Afiya, H. (2019). Identification and isolation of Trichoderma spp. – Their significance in agriculture, human health, industrial and environmental application. In Trichoderma - The Most Widely Used Fungicide. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.83528
  29. Sharma, G. & Pandey, R.R. (2010). Influence of culture media on growth, colony character and sporulation of fungi isolated from decaying vegetable wastes. Journal of Yeast and Fungal Research, 1(8), 157-164. http://www.academicjournals.org/JYFR
  30. Sood, M., Kapoor, D., Kumar, V., Sheteiwy, M. S., Ramakrishnan, M., Landi, M., Araniti, F., & Sharma, A. (2020). Trichoderma: The “secrets” of a multitalented biocontrol agent. Plants, 9(6), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/PLANTS9060762
  31. Tyśkiewicz, R., Nowak, A., Ozimek, E., & Jaroszuk-ściseł, J. (2022). Trichoderma: The current status of its application in agriculture for the biocontrol of fungal phytopathogens and stimulation of plant growth. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(4), 2329. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS23042329/S1
  32. World Bank. (2019). Trends in Solid Waste Management. The World Bank Group. https://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-a-waste/trends_in_solid_waste_management.html
  33. Zin, N.A. & Badaluddin, N.A. (2020). Biological functions of Trichoderma spp. for agriculture applications. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 65(2), 168-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AOAS.2020.09.003

 


Tools


Copyright © 2024  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic