HomeThe PASCHR Journalvol. 5 no. 1 (2023)

Prayer of Filipinos in Diaspora: A Case in South Korea

Eulalia Tome

 

Abstract:

This study examines the Filipino migrants’ personal journeys of “home” from colonial to global dislocations, as well as their journey to an eternal home, which is founded on prayer. According to the findings, Filipino migrants’ prayers are genuine heartfelt expressions. It exhibits trans-reciprocity, or the visible and invisible form of reciprocity between the transnational, transcendence, and the migrants’ relatives in their home countries. They serve God and their family members who are far away in return for God’s blessings. Migrants who are family breadwinners and who themselves serve as a sacrificial offering to alleviate poverty in their homeland pray for material benefits and virtues. Migrating is a step toward a richer and better life, similar to the goal of prayer, but it does not preclude the concept of home because each step of the journey is a search for healing; a search for a true home, i.e. the self.



References:

  1. Anderson, Benedict. (2006). Imagined Communities, A Brilliant Exegeses on Nationalism. New York: Verso.
  2. Aguilar, Filomeno V. (1999). Ritual Passage and the Reconstruction of Selfhood in International Labor Migration. Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.Volume 14: 98–139.
  3. Agoncillo, Teodoro. (1990). History of the Filipino People, Garotech Publishing, Quezon City.
  4. Ambrosio, Dante L. (2005). Balatik: Katutubong Bituin ng mga Filipino, Philippine Social Sciences Review, Vol. 57, no 1-4
  5. Amerman, Nancy. (2007).
  6. Everyday Religion Observing Modern Religious Lives, Oxford University Press. . (2014). Sacred Stories, Spiritual Tribe Finding Religion in Everyday Life, Oxford University Press.
  7. Appadurai, Arjun. (1996). Modernity at Large, Cultural Dimension of Globalization. Public Worlds Series: Regents of the University of Minnesota.
  8. Apostol, Virgil Mayor. (2010). Way of the Ancient Healer: Sacred Teachings from the Philippine Ancestral Tradtion, North Atlantic Books, Berkeley California.
  9. Barry, Patrick C.,S. J. (1984). Guidelines for Mystical Prayer, Dublin: Four Courts Press.
  10. Bhabha, Homi K. (1994). The Location of Culture, Routledge.
  11. Bell, Catherine. (1992). Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice, Oxford University Press, New York.
  12. Benedict XVI. (2012). A School of Prayer, The Saints Show us How to Pray, Ignatian Press, San Francisco.
  13. Beyer, Peter. (1994). Religion and Globalization. London: Sage publication Ltd, 6 Bornhill Street.
  14. Boff, Leonardo, (2002), The Prayer of Saint Francis: A Message of Peace for the World Today, Orbis books, Maryknoll, NY.
  15. Bonaventure, 2006, Works of Bonaventure: Writings on the Spiritual life. Bonaventure Texts in translation series ed, Robert J. Karis. Franciscan Institute Publication, pp 1-68.81-133.
  16. Catholic Church.(1994). Catechism of the Catholic Church. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana.
  17. Caulibus, John, (1999). Meditations on the life of Christ, Translated by Francis X. Taney, Anne Miller and C. Mary Stallings-Taney, Ashville: Pegasus Press.
  18. Csordas, Thomas. (1997). The Sacred Self: A Cultural Phenomenology of Charismatic Healing, University of California Press,Berkeley.
  19. eds. (2009).Transnational TranscendenceEssays on Religion and Globalization. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  20. Cherry, Stephen, (2008).Breaking the Bread, Sharing the wine: Religion as Culture and Community in the Civic Life of the Filipino Americans, Proquest LLC.
  21. Cherry, Stephen, Lucas, Amy. (2016). Faith Against the Storm: Filipino Immigrant Mobilization for Hurricane Katrina Evacuees, Social Compass, Vol. 63(3) 354–771.
  22. Cineros Garcia Jeminez de. (1876) Book of Exercises for the Spiritual life. Translated by E. Allison Peers. Monastery of Monserrat. http://ldysinger.stjohnsem.edu@text2/1500_cisner_osb.
  23. De Viana, Augusto V. et Al. (2018). Jose Rizal: Social Reformer and Patriot A Study of Life and Times, Rex Publishing Manila.
  24. Durkheim, Emile. (2001). Elementary Forms of religious Life A new translation by Carol Cosman, Oxford University Press.
  25. Eugenio, Damiano. (2001). The Folktales, University of the Philippines Press.
  26. Faricy, Robert. (1979).Praying for Inner Healing, Scm Pr.
  27. Ignatius of Loyola. (1992). The Spiritual Exercise of St. Ignatius. Ganss, George E. ed. Chicago:Loyola Press. (1982). General Instruction of the Roman
  28. Missal. Washington, D.C: Office of Pub. Services, United States Catholic Conference.
  29. Guigo II, (1979). Guigo II: Ladder of Monks and Twelve Meditations. Translated by Edmund Colledge and James Walsh, Kalamazoo,Cistercian Publication, pp. 3–25, 65–86.
  30. Golay, Frank Hindman. (1997). Face of Empire United States-Philippine Relations 1898-1946. Ateneno de Manila University Press. p. 11.
  31. Hadot, Pierre. (1995) Philosophy as a way of life, Translated by Michael Chasse, Blackwell publishing.
  32. Halili, Maria Christine. (2010). Philippine History, Rex Publishing, Manila.
  33. Heiler, Friedrich, (1997), Prayer A Study in the History and Psychology of Religion, Oxford University Press.
  34. Kahayon, Alicia and ZuluetaCelia.(2000). Philippine Literature Through the Years, National Book Store.
  35. Linn, Dennis, Shlenon, Barbara. (1997). To Heal as Jesus Heal, Ave Maria Press
  36. Louth, Andrew. (2007). The origins of the Christian Mystical Tradition.University of Oxford Press.
  37. Mauss, M. (1966). The gift: Forms and functions of exchange in archaic societies. London: Cohen & West.
  38. Merton, Thomas. (2003). The Inner Experience Notes on Contemplation, HarperCollins Publisher, Inc, NY.
  39. McGuirre, Meredith and Kantor Debra.(1998). Ritual Healing in Suburban America. Rutgers University Press, New Jersey
  40. Meggit, Justin. (2011). The Historical Jesus and Healing: Jesus Miracles in Psychological context. Spiritual Healing Scientific and Religious Perspective, Ed. Fraser Watts. Cambridge University Press
  41. Metz Barbara, SND, Burchill John, OP. (1987). The Enneagram and Prayer: Discovering Our True Selves Before God, Dimension Books, Inc. New Jersey
  42. Meyer, Joyce. (2017). Prayer that Get Answered, Meyer Joyce Ministry
  43. Mijares, Sharon G. (2003). Modern Psychology and Ancient Wisdom: Psychological Healing Practices from the World’s Religious Traditions. Bringhamton, New York: The Haworth Integrative Healing Press.
  44. Mosher, Lucinda, and David Marshall. (2013). Prayer: Christian and Muslim Perspectives.Georgetown University Press. p 7.
  45. Orsi, Robert A. (1996), Thank You St. Jude: Women’s Devotion to the Patron Saint of Hopeless Causes.
  46. Yale University Press. (2003), Is the Study of Lived Religion Irrelevant to the World We live in? Special Presidential Plenary Address, Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, Salt Lake City, 2 Nov. 2. Journal for Scientific Study of Religion 42(2): 169–74.
  47. Otto, R., & Otto, R. (1958). The idea of the holy: An inquiry into the non-rational factor in the idea of the divine and its relation to the rational. London: Oxford University Press.
  48. Paul VI. (2004). Erga Migrantes Caritas Christi [ Encyclical Letter] Retrieved from http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/m i g r a n t s / d o c u m e n t s / r c _ p c _ m i g r a n t s _doc_20040514_erga-migrantes-caritas-christi_en.html.
  49. Rodriguez Jeanette and Fortier Ted. (2007). Cultural Memory: Resistance, Faith and Identity. University of Texas Press, Austin.
  50. Schacter, Daniel L, Scarry, Elaine. (2001). Brain, Memory and Belief, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
  51. Schiler, Nina. (2007). Unbounding Concept of Culture and Society. A companion to Anthropology of Politics, ed. Nugent, David and Vincent Joan Needs. Blackwell Publishing.
  52. Spilka, B., & Ladd, K. L. (2013). The psychology of prayer: A scientific approach. New York: Guilford Press.
  53. Spradley, James. (1980). Participant Observation. Holt, Rinehart and Winston Taylor, Charles. (1989). Sources of The Self: The Making of the Modern Identity. Harvard University Press.
  54. Tan, Michael. (2008). Revisiting Usug, Pasma, Kulam. Quezon City. The University of the Philippine Press.
  55. ThichNhatHanh. (2004). Peace Begins Here, Palestinians and Israelis Listening to Each Other.
  56. Paraplax Press, Berkeley, California. (2008).Calming the Fearful Mind, A Zen Response to Terrorism. Accessible Publishing System PTY Ltd.
  57. Thomas AKempis. (2007). Imitation of Christ in Rosalie de Rosseted, Moody Bible Institute.
  58. Tome, Eulalia. (2017). Quest for Well-being: Gazes on the Ritual Healing of Filipino Immigrants in South Korea, International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 8 No. 8 pp.38-48
  59. Tondo, Josefina Socorro F. (2014). Sacred Enchantment, Transnational Lives, and Diasporic Identity Filipina Domestic Workers at St. John Catholic Cathedral in Kuala Lumpur, Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints Vol. 62, No. 3/4, Special Double Issue: Filipino Catholicism (sept-dec 2014), pp. 445-470.
  60. Turner, Edith. (2006). Among the Healers: Stories of Ritual and Ritual healing around the world.
  61. Westport Connecticut, London: Greenwood publishing group, Inc. (2012). Communitas: The Anthropology of Collective Joy, Contemporary Anthropology of Religion. Palgrave Macmillan.
  62. Yancey, Philip. (2006). Prayer Does it Make a Difference? Zondervan Grand Rapids, Michigan. pp 106,113
  63. Van Engen, John ed. (1988). DevotioModerna: Basic Writings. New York, Paulist Press.
  64. Watts, Fraser, Ed. (2011. Spiritual Healing: Scientific and Religious Perspectives. Cambridge University Press.
  65. Zaide, Grogorio and ZaideSonia. (2010). Philippine History and Government, Rex Publishing, Manila.