HomeMabini Review Journalvol. 10 no. 1 (2021)

Kagamitan ng Eupemismong Meranaw at Tungkuling Panlipunan Nito

Edna M Alon

 

Abstract:

Ang pag-aaral na ito ay tungkol sa Kagamitan ng Eupemismong Meranaw at Tungkuling Panlipunan nito. Ito ay dinesenyuhan ng diskriptibong uri ng pananaliksik na gamit ang Politeness at Sex and Politeness bilang teorya. Layunin ng pag-aaral na ito na makalap ang mga eupemismong ginagamit ng mga Meranaw; matukoy ang mga kagamitang taglay ng eupemismong Meranaw; malaman ang tungkuling panlipunan ng mga eupemismong Meranaw; at mailahad ang implikasyon ng eupemismong Meranaw sa pangaraw-araw na pakikipagkomunikasyon sa lipunan. Ang paggamit ng mga eupemismo ay nag-uugnay sa kagamitan at tungkulin nito sa lipunan. At ang mga kagamitan na ito ay maaring sa larangan ng pakikipagtalastasan sa araw-araw, sa magka-ibang kasarian, antas ng lipunan, at pananaw ng bawat indibidwal. Sa mga kagamitan na ito nakatago ang mga tungkulin nito sa lipunan gaya ng tungkulin ng kagandahang asal, pagtakpan ang katotohanan, umiwas sa paggamit ng mga salitang taboo, at magkaila. Ang paggamit ng eupemismo sa pakikisalamuha sa harap ng isang tao o maging sa pampublikong lugar ay tanda ng pagkakaroon ng magandang ugali at pagiging marespeto sa kapwa. Layunin ng mga salitang eupemismo na pagaanin ang mga bagay o sitwasyon na para sa iba ay masakit at nakakasaling damdamin. Sa pamamagitan ng pagbihis dito ng mga kaayaayang salita na kung hindi man nakasisiya ay nakakabawas naman ng sakit na nararamdaman.



References:

  1. Alego, J. and Pyles, T. The Origins and Development of English Language. New York: Wordsworth Press, 2009.
  2. Allan, K. and Burridge, K. Forbidden Words. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  3. Allan, K. and Burridge, K. Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
  4. Allan, K. and Burridge, K. Euphemisms and Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and Weapon. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
  5. Babasoro, P. R. et, al. Sining ng Komunikasyon. Mutya Publishing House, Inc.#6 Baltazar St., Pacheco Village, Balubaran, Vaenzuela City, 2003.
  6. Brown, P. and Levinson, S. C. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., 1987.
  7. Bunye Maria V. R. and Yap E. P. Cebuano for Beginners. PALI Language Texts: Philippines (Pacific and Asian Linguistics Institute), 1971.
  8. Burridge, K. Blooming English. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
  9. Burridge, K. Weeds in the Garden of Words: Further Observations on the Tangled History of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  10. Brooks, N. Learning: Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. New York: Harcourt, Yale University, 1984.
  11. Calamian, M. L. Pedagohikal na Gramar ng Wikang Meranaw- Panimulang Modelo. Grandstream Publishing Center: San Joaquin, Pasig City, 2014.
  12. Constantino, G. R. Wika Linggwistika at Bilinggwalismo sa Pilipinas. Rex Book Store Inc., 1985.
  13. Fernández de la T., María D., and Francisco S. “Perspectiva Léxica y Repercusiones Sexistas de Eufemismos y Disfemismos Ingleses Referidos a las Prostitutas Conceptualizadas como Animals”. María Dolores Fernández de la Torre, ed. El Sexismo en el Lenguaje. Málaga: Universidad, 1999.
  14. Goatly, Andrew. The Language of Metaphors. London: Routledge, 1997.
  15. Gabriel, R. S. Wika ko Sining ng Komunikasyon sa Kolehiyo, Unang Edisyon. University Book Center. MSU, Marawi City, 2005.
  16. Gómez, M. C. Towards A New Approach to the Linguistic Definition of Euphemism. Language Sciences, 2009.
  17. Goffman, E. Interaction Ritual. Essays on Face to Face Behaviour. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1955.
  18. Holder, R.W. How Not to Say What You Mean: A Dictionary of Euphemisms. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
  19. Hudson, R. A. Sociolinguistics, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  20. Keyes, R. Euphemania: Our Love with Euphemism. New York: Brown Company Press, 2010.
  21. Lakoff, R. Language and Woman’s Place. New York: Harper, 1975.
  22. Levinson, B., P.et al. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
  23. Lieber, R. Introducing Morphology. United States of America: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
  24. Mencken, H. The American Language. New York, 1963.
  25. Neaman, J. S. and Silver, C. G. Kind Words – A Treasure of Euphemisms. New York: Facts on File. World Publishing Corp., 1983.
  26. Neaman, J. and Silver, C. Kind Words: A Thesaurus of Euphemisms. New York: McGraw Hill Publishers, Inc, 1990.
  27. Neamann, Judith and Carole Silver. Kind Words: A Thesaurus of Euphemisms. New York: First Avon Books Trade Printing, 1991.
  28. Nydell, M. K. 4th ed. Understanding Arabs: A Guide for Modern Times. USA: Intercultural Press, Inc, 2006.
  29. Pan, Q. Theory and Practice in Language Studies. Academy Publisher. Finland, 1987.
  30. Rawson, H. Rawson’s Dictionary of Euphemisms and Other Doubletalk. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc, 1995.
  31. Rawson, H. A Dictionary of Euphemisms and Other Double Talk. New York: Crown Publishers, 1981.
  32. Wardhaugh R. An Introduction to Socio-Linguistics. London: Basil Blackwell Press, 1986.
  33. [33Wardhaugh, R. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, 6th ed. USA: WileyBlackwell, 2010. Webster, N. Webster’s Third New International Dictionary. New York, (2000).
  34. [34] Williams, Joseph and Shipley, Joseph. Origins of English Language: A Social and Linguistic History. New York : Free Press, 1975. Samoškaitė, Laura. “21st Century Political Euphemisms In English Newspapers: Semantic And Structural Study”. M.A. Thesis, Vilnius Pedagogical University, 2011.
  35. Jačková, Martina. “Euphemisms in Today´s English”. M.A Thesis, Tomas Bata University, 2010.
  36. Ghounane, Nadia A. “Sociolinguistic View of Taboo Language and Euphemisms in the Algerian Society: Attitudes and Beliefs in Tlemcen Speech Community”. Doctoral Dissertation, Tlemcen University, 2013.
  37. Kaosa-Ad, Rommayasin. “English Euphemism as Used by Native Speakers of English and of Thai”. M.A Thesis, Srinakharinwirot University, 2009.
  38. Mahmoud, ZeinabAbd-eljalilAbd-elrahim. “Using Euphemism and Impolite Language among University Students”. Sudan University of Science and Technology College of Graduate Studies, 2015.
  39. Fernández Fontecha. A. and Jimenez Catalan, R. M. “Semantic Derogation in Animal Metaphor: A Contrastive Study of Two Male/ Female Examples in English and Spanish”. Journal of Pragmatics 35 (2003): 771-797.
  40. Fernandez, E. C. “Sexually Explicit Euphemism in Martin Amis’ s Yellow Dog”, Journal of English and American Studies 33 (2006): 11-30.
  41. Grant, L. T. “Public Doublespeak: Badge Language, Realityspeak, and the Great Watergate Euphemism Hunt”. College English 39(2) (1977): 246-253.
  42. McGlone, M. and Batchelor, J. Looking Out for Number One: Euphemisms and Face“. Journal of Communication, 2003.
  43. Pan, Q. “A Tentative Study on the Functions and Applications of EnglishEuphemism”. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3 (2013).