HomeInternational Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Researchvol. 4 no. 11 (2023)

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Road Safety Awareness Among Drivers and Motorists in Zamboanga Peninsula

Marjorie Jelly A. Adel | Angelica T. Borja | Johair J. Mangray | Bernandino P. Malang

 

Abstract:

Road safety is a matter of paramount concern on a global scale, given the substantial loss of life and injury resulting from road accidents every year. This comprehensive study is dedicated to a meticulous examination of road safety awareness and responsible conduct among drivers and motorists in Zamboanga Peninsula, situated in the Philippines. The central aim of this research is to conduct a detailed evaluation of the current status of road safety awareness and the responsible behaviors of drivers and motorists within Zamboanga Peninsula. Our intention is to identify the pivotal factors that influence road safety awareness and to recognize the barriers obstructing the translation of this awareness into responsible road behavior. To accomplish this aim, the researchers have employed quantitative techniques. A meticulously structured questionnaire survey was administered to a diverse cohort of drivers and motorists, which facilitated the collection of multifaceted data encompassing demographics, the level of awareness regarding road safety regulations, and the determinants impacting their on-road conduct. The quantitative dataset underwent rigorous analysis employing an array of statistical methods, with the mean scores and ranking system employed to dissect the collected data. The outcomes of this comprehensive research endeavor unveil a myriad of critical insights. Foremost, a conspicuous gender disparity is evident among road users in Zamboanga Peninsula, with males constituting the majority. Intriguingly, a substantial proportion of drivers falls within the age bracket of 26-35, signifying the demographic significance of this cohort. On the aspect of road safety awareness, the study affirms the presence of a robust understanding of fundamental road safety principles, yet it highlights the imperative need for focused attention to areas such as overtaking rules and the usage of mobile phones during driving. The research points to inconsistent law enforcement and high levels of traffic congestion as the most influential factors contributing to deficiencies in road safety awareness. This comprehensive study serves to illuminate the complex road safety landscape in Zamboanga Peninsula. It underscores the compelling necessity for region-specific interventions that cater to the prevalent gender and age disparities among road users. Moreover, the research findings emphasize the pivotal roles of law enforcement, traffic management, education, and targeted awareness campaigns in the quest for an improved road safety scenario.



References:

  1. Al-Agtash, S., & Khadra, L. (2019). Internation-alization context of Arabia higher educa-tion. International Journal of Higher Edu-cation, 8(2), 68-81. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n2p68
  2. Alda, R., Boholano, H., & Dayagbil, F. (2020). Teacher education institutions in the Phil-ippines towards education 4.0. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Re-search, 19(8), 137-154. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.8.8
  3. Ansell, C., Sørensen, E., & Torfing, J. (2022). Co-creation for sustainability: The UN SDGs and the power of local partner-ships (p. 264). Emerald Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/9781800437982
  4. Anthappan, T. P. (2022). Faculty perceptions of organizational learning in Indian Univer-sity international partnership pro-grams (Doctoral dissertation, Walden University).
  5. Balagtas, M. U., Papango, M. P., Reyes, Z. Q., Ubiña, M. M., & Atweh, B. (2012). Devel-opment of a rubric on the internationali-zation of teacher education institutions in the Philippines and Beyond. The Normal Lights, 6(1), 1¬4–28.
  6. Bamberger, A., Bronshtein, Y., & Yemini, M. (2020). Marketing universities and tar-geting international students: a compara-tive analysis of social media data trails. Teaching in Higher Educa-tion, 25(4), 476-492.
  7. Bautista, R. G., Camayang, J. G., Casareno, E. C., & Magno, K. G. C. (2021). Inspired from within: Learnings from a home-based in-ternationalization of a state university in the Philippines. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 11(10), 2198-2208.
  8. Chankseliani, M., Qoraboyev, I., & Gimranova, D. (2021). Higher education contributing to local, national, and global develop-ment: new empirical and conceptual in-sights. Higher Education, 81, 109-127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-020-00565-8
  9. Cinches, M. F. C., Russell, R. L. V., Borbon, M. L. F. C., & Chavez, J. C. (2017). International-ization of higher education institutions: The case of four HEIs in the Philip-pines. Liceo Journal of Higher Education Research, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.7828/ljher.v12i1.961
  10. Dimasindel, M. R., & Salam, N. D. (2018, July). Readiness of higher education in South-ern Philippines: Internationalization of higher education system in the Philip-pines. In 2018 3rd International Confer-ence on Education, Sports, Arts, and Man-agement Engineering (ICESAME 2018) (pp. 573-575). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/amca-18.2018.159
  11. Dioquino, F. J. G., Randrianasolo, B. Z. J. D. D., Tejero, D. M. B., Tolentino, E. S. P., & Lapinid, M. R. C. (2018). Assessment of in-ternationalization in higher education in-stitutions in the Philippines. Advanced Science Letters, 24(7), 4815-4819. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11207
  12. Dotong, C. I., & Laguador, J. M. (2015). Devel-oping and maintaining an international climate among Philippine higher educa-tion institutions. Journal of Education and Literature, 3(3), 107-116.
  13. Dotong, C. I., & Laguador, J. M. (2015). Philip-pine quality assurance mechanisms in higher education towards internationali-zation. Studies in Social Sciences and Hu-manities, 3(3), 156-167.
  14. Egitim, S. (2022). Challenges of adapting to organizational culture: Internationaliza-tion through inclusive leadership and mu-tuality. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 5(1), 100242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100242
  15. Forsgren, M. (2002). The concept of learning in the Uppsala internationalization pro-cess model: a critical re-view. International Business Re-view, 11(3), 257–277. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-017-0107-7
  16. Gao, Y., & Liu, J. (2020). International student recruitment campaign: experiences of se-lected flagship universities in Chi-na. Higher Education, pp. 80, 663–678. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-020-00503-8
  17. Ghosh, R., & Jing, X. (2020). Fostering global citizenship through student mobility: COVID-19 and the 4th wave in interna-tionalization of education. Beijing Inter-national Review of Education, 2(4), 553–570. https://doi.org/10.1163/25902539-02040009
  18. Goodwin, A. L. (2021). Teaching standards, globalisation, and conceptions of teacher professionalism. European Journal of Teacher Education, 44(1), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1833855
  19. Grad, J. M., & van der Zande, I. S. (2022). Culti-vating global citizenship through higher education: A reflection on the develop-ment from civic to global engage-ment. Education Sciences, 12(11), 766.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12110766
  20. Heggernes, S. L. (2021). A critical review of the role of texts in fostering intercultural communicative competence in the Eng-lish language classroom. Educational Re-search Review, 33, 100390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2021.100390
  21. Jaskolski, M., & Udoh, I. (2022). Building cross-cultural sustainability discourses in high-er education: A virtual exchange program between Egypt and the United States. The International Journal of Sustainability in Economic, Social and Cultural Con-text, 18(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.18848/2325-1115/cgp/v18i01/43-63
  22. Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. E. (1977). The inter-nationalization process of the firm: A model of knowledge and increasing for-eign market commitment. Journal of In-ternational Business Studies, 8(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490676
  23. Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. E. (1990). The mech-anism of internationalisation. Interna-tional Marketing Review, 7(4), 11-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339010137414
  24. Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. E. (2015). The Uppsa-la internationalization process model re-visited: From liability of foreignness to li-ability of outsidership. In International business strategy (pp. 33-59). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137508829_7
  25. Khalid, J., Ali, A. J., Nordin, N. M., & Shah, S. F. H. (2019). Regional cooperation in higher education: Can it lead ASEAN toward harmonization? Southeast Asian Stud-ies, 8(1), 81–98.
  26. Li, M., & Zhu, Z. (2019). Facilitating cross-cultural communication: A global dimen-sion to fostering international talents and innovation in university foreign affairs management. In Global Perspectives on Fostering Problem-Based Learning in Chinese Universities (pp. 244-272). IGI global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9961-6.ch009
  27. Madani, R. A. (2019). Analysis of educational quality, a goal of education for all poli-cy. Higher Education Studies, 9(1), 100-109. https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v9n1p100
  28. Makhmudov, K. (2020). Ways of forming in-tercultural communication in foreign lan-guage teaching. Science and Educa-tion, 1(4), 84-89.
  29. Miranda, J., Navarrete, C., Noguez, J., Molina-Espinosa, J.-M., Ramírez-Montoya, M.-S., Navarro-Tuch, S. A., Bustamante-Bello, M.-R., Rosas-Fernández, J.-B., & Molina, A. (2021). The core components of educa-tion 4.0 in higher education: Three case studies in engineering educa-tion. Computers & Electrical Engineer-ing, 93, 107278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2021.107278
  30. Padama, E., Balagtas, M.; Lacuata, F., Acierto, E., Alfuente, R., Irapta, A., Rodriguez, A., & Ruiz, E. (2010). Towards the develop-ment of a conceptual framework for in-ternationalizing higher education institu-tions (HEIs) in the Philippines. CHED-ZRC NCR 1 Research Project.
  31. Phan, H. L. T., Tran, L. T., & Blackmore, J. (2019). Internationalization, student en-gagement, and global graduates: A com-parative study of Vietnamese and Austral-ian students’ experience. Journal of Stud-ies in International Education, 23(1), 171–189. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315318803717
  32. Robson, S., & Wihlborg, M. (2019). Interna-tionalisation of higher education: Im-pacts, challenges and future possibili-ties. European Educational Research Journal, 18(2), 127-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904119834779
  33. Talosa, A. D., Javier, B. S., & Dirain, E. L. (2021). The flexible-learning journey: Phenomenological investigation of self-efficacy influencing factors among higher education students. Linguistics and Cul-ture Review, 5(S3), 422-434. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns3.1590
  34. Tsiligiris, V., & Hill, C. (2021). A prospective model for aligning educational quality and student experience in international higher education. Studies in Higher Edu-cation, 46(2), 228-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2019.1628203
  35. Ulanday, M. L., Centeno, Z. J., Bayla, M. C., & Callanta, J. (2021). Flexible learning adaptabilities in the new normal: E-learning resources, digital meeting plat-forms, online learning systems and learn-ing engagement. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 16(2).
  36. Vahlne, J. E. (2020). Development of the Upp-sala model of internationalization pro-cess: From internationalization to evolu-tion. Global Strategy Journal, 10(2), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1002/gsj.1375
  37. Vahlne, J. E., & Johanson, J. (2017). From in-ternationalization to evolution: The Upp-sala model at 40 years. Journal of Inter-national Business Studies, 48, 1087-1102. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-017-0107-7
  38. Varghese, N. V. (2022). Academic collabora-tions in Asia. International Journal of Af-rican Higher Education, 9(3), 177-200. https://doi.org/10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16055
  39. Zhu, Y. (2019). Social media engagement and Chinese international student recruit-ment: Understanding how UK HEIs use Weibo and WeChat. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 29(2), 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841241.2019.1633003
  40. Zuhairi, A., Raymundo, M. R. D. R., & Mir, K. (2020). Implementing quality assurance system for open and distance learning in three Asian open universities: Philip-pines, Indonesia, and Pakistan. Asian As-sociation of Open Universities Jour-nal, 15(3), 297-320. https://doi.org/10.1108/aaouj-05-2020-0034