HomePsychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journalvol. 16 no. 3 (2023)

The English Language Needs of a Technical Vocational Institution

Mary Joy Tividad

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

This study aimed to determine the English language needs of the students, alumni, teachers, and administrators of Valenzuela City Polytechnic College (VCPC) and how the participants perceived the need in offering an English Course. The data in this thesis were drawn from two main sources: Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Interviews. Out of the (15) fifteen participants, eight (8) were undergraduate students, two freshmen (2) are taking Bachelor of Technical Vocational Teacher Education (BTVTEd) and the sophomores to seniors (6) are taking Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education (BTTE) from a Technical Vocational Institution (TVI) located in District II of Valenzuela City, three (3) were the alumni, two (2) were English teachers, and two (2) were administrators. Findings revealed that the participants’ perceptions about the English language needs in VCPC revolved on oral/verbal communication, grammar, writing, pronunciation, correct usage of words, reading comprehension, spelling, lack of confidence or motivation, communication in the workplace, English Language Proficiency, and English Language Teaching. Meanwhile, the participants’ elaboration regarding the English language needs in VCPC presented negative effects such as lack of confidence among the students, lack of interest/lack of learning materials, poor reading comprehension, lack of knowledge of the English language; the use of Mother Tongue/Bilingualism, and the need to address the negative effects revealed. As to the perceptions about the need in offering an English Course, the participants answered that that there is a need to offer an English course focusing on work-related purposes, creation of policy, beneficial to students and school, and specific lessons or topics to focus on. The results clearly revealed that there are underlying needs encountered and experienced by students and other stakeholders in Technical Vocational Institutions.This study adduced policy implements and curriculum planners to address the English language needs of TLE students in Technical Vocational Institutions (TVIs) to improve English Language Learning (ELL) and English Language Teaching (ELT) in the Philippines.



References:

  1. Abdikarimova, M., Tashieva, N., kyzy, A. T., & Abdullaeva, Z. (2021). Developing students verbal communication skills and speech etiquette in English Language Teaching.
  2. Aberin, S. P., Fajardo, M. M., & Sermona, N. D. (2019). An analysis of the five-year performance of BSED-TLE graduates in the Licensure Examination for Teachers.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350129088_an_analysis_of_the_five-year_performance_of_bsed-tle_graduates_in_the_licensure_examination_for_teachers
  3. Acosta, I. C. & Acosta, A. S. (2016). Teachers’ perceptions on Senior High School Readiness of Higher Education Institutions in the Philippines. Universal Journal of Educational Research 4(10): 2447-2462, 2016 http://www.hrpub.org  DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2016.041024
  4. Agustina, T. (2014). English For Specific Purposes (ESP): An approach of English teaching for non-english department students. 7 (1), Hal. 37-63 
  5. Ajoke, A. R. (2017). The importance of instructional materials in Teaching English as a Second Language. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention  6(9). pp. 36-44
  6. Ajose, O. J. & Oladiti, Y. O. (2015). Enhancing public perception of TVET: Panacea for poverty alleviation and national development. A Seminar Paper. https://www.academia.edu/25371627/ENHANCING_PUBLIC_PERCEPTION_OF_TVET_PANACEA_FOR_POVERTY_ALLEVIATION_AND_NATIONAL_DEVELOPMENT 
  7. Alla-Mensah, J., Henderson, H. & McGrath, S. (2021). Technical and vocational education and training for disdvantaged youth. UNESCO-UNEVOC International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training UN Campus, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1 53113 Bonn, Germany
  8. Almerez, Q. L. G., Adolfo, G. C., Bucod, J. E. G. & Egos, M. B. (2019). Technical Vocational Education in the context of globalization: Its pedagogy and strategies. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies. DOI:10.9734/ajess/2019/v5i330144
  9. Alsong, T. L. & Alsong, L. A. (2019). Facilitating learning and academic performance of students in TLE under K to 12 Curriculums. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology. 
  10. Anindyarini, A., Rokhman, F. Mulyani, M. & Andayani2. (2017). Behavioristic theory and Its application in the learning of speech. DOI: 10.18502/kss.v3i9.2714. https://knepublishing.com/index.php/Kne-Social/article/view/2714/5854
  11. Asgari, M., Ketabi, S., & Amirian, Z. (2019). Interest-based Language Teaching: Enhancing Students’ Interest and Achievement in L2 Reading. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research. 
  12. Avcı, N. & Engin-Demir, C. (2021). Promoting the Vocational English Language Competences of Students in an English for Specific Purposes Context: A Needs Assessment. Psycho-Educational Research Reviews. https://doi.org/10.52963/PERR_Biruni_V10.N3.08.
  13. Bappah, A. S. & Medugu, J. D. (2013).  Employers’ perception of the role of Technical Vocational Education and Training in sustainable development in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSR-JRME)e-ISSN: 2320–7388,p-ISSN: 2320–737X 2(3). https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jrme/papers/Vol-2%20Issue-3/A0230105.pdf
  14. Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3 (2). pp.77-101. ISSN 1478-088777-101. ISSN 1478-0887
  15. Briana, J. D. & Mutia. M. L. (2019). An English language needs analysis of Information Technology Students. De La Salle University.DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.11292.13449.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331861473_An_English_Language_Needs_Analysis_of_Information_Technology_Students
  16. Cabigon, M. (2015). State of English in the Philippines: Should we be concerned? https://www.britishcouncil.ph/teach/state-english-philippines-should-we-be-concerned-2 
  17. Campbell, K. A., Orr, E., Durepos, P., Nguyen, L., Li, L., Whitmore, C., Gehrke, P., Graham, L., & Jack, S. M. (2021). Reflexive Thematic Analysis for Applied Qualitative Health Research. The Qualitative Report, 26(6), 2011-2028. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.5010
  18. Ĉapková, H. & Kroupová, J. (2017). Language needs analysis of students of Economics. English Department, Faculty of International Relations, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic 
  19. CHED Memorandum Order 20 s. 2013. Commission on Higher Education. https://ched.gov.ph/cmo-20-s-2013/
  20. CHED Memorandum Order No. 79 Series of 2017. Commission on Higher Education. https://chedro1.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/CMO-70-s-2017.pdf
  21. Cherry, K. (2022). What is Sociocultural Theory?. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-sociocultural-theory-2795088  
  22. Council of Europe Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants. (n.d.) Language needs. https://www.coe.int/en/web/lang-migrants/language-needs-analysis-of-
  23. Dagnew, A. (2017). Preparatory school students’ perception toward TVET and its contribution to socio- economic status: The case of selected districts in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies. Scholars Middle East Publishers. Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  24. Dodds, E. (2021). Speak Up! How to Improve Your Confidence in English. https://www.leonardoenglish.com/blog/how-to-improve-your-confidence-in-english
  25. Domingo, P. (2020). Triumphs and struggles in teaching the English language. International Journal of Studies in Education and Science (IJSES), 1(1), 59-79.
  26. Elsaid Mohammed, A. S., & Nur, H. S. M. (2018). Needs analysis in English for academic purposes: The case of teaching assistants at the University of Khartoum. HOW, 25(2), 49-68. https://doi.org/10.19183/how.25.2.409.
  27. Elumalai, K. V., Abdullah, M. S., Sankar, J. P., & R, K. (2021). English language pronunciation barriers encountered by the expatriate students at King Saud University, Riyadh. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), (12)1: March 2021 pp.293-308 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol12no1.20  
  28. EngrAlmond. (2021). What is acronym TLE?. https://brainly.ph/question/16130557
  29. Fernandez, G., Tabianan, L., Dayson, N., & Gelladuga, R. L. T. (2018). Technology and Livelihood Education Graduates’ low performance in the Licensure Examination for Teachers: A Phenomenological Study. https://jurnal.unai.edu/index.php/isc/article/view/1318/833
  30. Fernando, H. B. A. (2021). The 8 primary benefits of English Language Learning. https://www.northwestcareercollege.edu/blog/the-8-primary-benefits-of-english-language-learning/
  31. García, O., & Wei, L. (2014). Translanguaging. Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism and Education. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137385765
  32. George, T. (2022). Types of interviews in Research | Guide & examples. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/interviews-research/
  33. Gouëdard, P., Pont, B., Huang, S. H. P. & OECD. (2020). Curriculum reform: A literature review to support effective implementation. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
  34. Guo, H. (2017). The learning needs analysis of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in College. US-China Foreign Language, January 2017, 15(1), 1-6 doi:10.17265/1539-8080/2017.01.001
  35. Halik Bassah, N. A. S. (2022). The issues and challenges of TVET in Malaysia: from the perspective of industry experts. In: TVET@Asia, issue 18, 1-15. Online: https://tvet-online.asia/issue/18/the-issues-and-challenges-of-tvet-in-malaysia-perspective-of-industry-experts/  (retrieved 31.12.2021).
  36. Hayashi, R., Matsuda, N., & Yageta, K. (2023). Understanding social perceptions of Postsecondary Education and Training in Bhutan. Asian Development Bank. https://www.adb.org/publications/social-perceptions-postsecondary-education-training-bhutan.2071-7202  (print)2218-2675 (electronic)
  37. Hossain, M. M. (2015).ESP for underprivileged TVET Learners: Challenges, innovations and perspectives. The English Literature Journal. 2(3) (2015): 366-369
  38. Huda, F. N. & M. (2019). The problem analysis of vocational students in writing simple sentences in Indonesia. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education Technology (ICoET 2019)
  39. Jose, G. (2022). #TechVocInThePhilippines: Why not?. Jellybeans in the City. https://beingjellybeans.com/2022/03/22/pursuing-a-technical-vocational-education-why-not/
  40. Karan, R. (2023). Difference between Curriculum And Syllabus. https://www.shiksha.com/online-courses/articles/difference-between-curriculum-and-syllabus/
  41. Kamau, P. W., Wanga, D. O., & Gichuki, C. N. (2017). Community attitudes towards  Technical/Vocational Skills on Youth Enrollment for Skills Training: A Case of Youth Polytechnics in Kiambu County, Kenya. Scholarly Technical Education Publication Series (STEPS) Vol. 3
  42. Kaya, S. (2021). From needs analysis to development of a vocational English language curriculum: A practical guide for practitioners. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 5(1), 154-171. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPR.2021167471
  43. Lacamiento, G. M. L. (2014). K to 12: The effect on teachers. The Freeman. https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/cebu-news/2014/06/27/1339633/k-12-effect-teachers
  44. Li, J. (2014). Needs Analysis: An effective way in Business English Curriculum Design. School of Foreign Language Studies, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China
  45. Lipayon, I. C. (2022). Innovation and integration of Technology Livelihood Education (TLE): A Transition to Educational System in the 22nd Century. East African Scholars Journal of Education, Humanities and Literature.East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya.  ISSN: 2617-443X (Print) & ISSN: 2617-7250 (Online). DOI: 10.36349/easjehl.2022.v05i02.001
  46. Liton, H. A. (2015). ESP learners' needs related learning for the workplace: A pragmatic study for business cchool. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1085316
  47. Mariano, R. P., & Tantoco, L. F. (2023). Assessment of employability skills of Technical-Vocational Education and Training (TVET) graduates: Basis for an Enhancement Program. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 4(5), 1734-1747. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.05.34
  48. Maulana, A. & Lestari, F. (2017). Needs analysis of English literature students in English oral communication. ELTIN JOURNAL Journal of English Language Teaching in Indonesia 5(2):45 DOI:10.22460/eltin.v5i2.p45-50 
  49. McCombes, S. (2019). Descriptive Research Design | Definition, Methods & Examples. Revised on May 5, 2022.  https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/
  50. McMillan, A. C. (2021). Why communication skills are essential in college.  https://www.teachhub.com/teaching-strategies/2021/09/why-communication-skills-are-essential-in-college/
  51. Milovanović, S. (2017). Use of the English language in the global context: intercultural implications and communications trends. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321072212_USE_OF_THE_ENGLISH_LANGUAGE_IN_THE_GLOBAL_CONTEXT_INTERCULTURAL_IMPLICATIONS_AND_COMMUNICATIONS_TRENDS
  52. Ministry of Education REPUBLIC OF GHANA. (n.d.). Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). https://moe.gov.gh/index.php/the-technical-vocational-and-skill-training/
  53. Moiinvaziri, M. (2014). Students’ Voice: A needs analysis of University General English Course in Iran. Gema Online Journal of Language Studies 14(01):57-75 DOI:10.17576/GEMA-2014-1401-05. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276089058_Students'_Voice_A_Needs_Analysis_of_University_General_English_Course_in_Iran
  54. Morallo, A. (2018). Filipino graduates’ English skills lower than target for cab drivers in Dubai, study says. https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/02/08/1785840/filipino-graduates-english-skills-lower-target-cab-drivers-dubai-study-says
  55. Nanda, D. W. & Azmy, K. (2020). Poor reading comprehension issue in EFL classroom among Indonesian secondary school students: Scrutinizing the causes, impacts and possible solutions. Englisia Journal 8(1):12. DOI:10.22373/ej.v8i1.6771. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346758777_POOR_READING_COMPREHENSION_ISSUE_IN_EFL_CLASSROOM_AMONG_INDONESIAN_SECONDARY_SCHOOL_STUDENTS_Scrutinizing_the_causes_impacts_and_possible_solutions
  56. Nikolopoulou, K. (2022). What Is Purposive Sampling? | Definition & Examples. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/purposive-sampling/
  57. Nkrumah, M. A. (2020). Effect of technical university students’ language proficiency on their academic performance measured by their final cumulative grade point average. African Journal of Educational Studies in Mathematics and Sciences. Vol. 16, No. 2, 
  58. Nguyen, H., Nguyen, H., Nguyen, H. & Nguyen, T. (2018). 12 Local challenges to global needs in English language education in Vietnam: The perspective of language policy and planning. In Un(intended) Language Planning in a Globalising World: Multiple Levels of Players at Work (pp. 214-233). Warsaw, Poland: De Gruyter Open Poland. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110518269-012
  59. Nordquist, R. (2019). Get the definition of Mother Tongue plus a look at top languages. https://www.thoughtco.com/mother-tongue-language-1691408
  60. Nyumba, T. O., Wilson, K., Derrick, C. J. & Mukherjee, N. (2017). Nyumba et al. (2018), Focus group discussion is frequently used as a qualitative approach to gain an in-depth understanding of social issues. Qualitative Methods for Eliciting Judgements for Decision Making. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. British Ecological Society. DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.12860
  61. Otilia, S. M. (2015). Needs analysis in English for Specific Purposes. https://www.utgjiu.ro/revista/ec/pdf/2015-01.Volumul%202/08_Simion.pdf
  62. Pakarat, A. (2015). Learning styles and needs of Grade 1 students in learning English by using Tablet PCs. A Thesis. Suranaree University of Technology. http://sutir.sut.ac.th:8080/sutir/bitstream/123456789/5960/4/Fulltext.pdf
  63. Ranasuriya, D. & Herath, S. (2020). English, a need? A closer examination of vocational undergraduates’ perceptions on the need for English language skills in the academic life. Scholarly Technical Education Publication Series (STEPS) Vol. 4
  64. Rukmanasari, Y. R. (2021). Students’ needs of learning English in vocational high school. Thesis. Directorate of Postgraduate Program University of Muhammadiyah Malang
  65. Sagli, S. (2017). Teachers’ and students’ perceptions of vocational orientation in the English subject. https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/57352/Sagli_ma2.pdf?sequence=1
  66. Santos, C. G. E. (2021). Addressing communication requirements in the technicalvocational-livelihood track: authentic assessment tool as guide to communication instruction. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED620423.pdf
  67. Santos, A. L., Fernandez, V. D., & Ilustre, R. G. (2022). English language proficiency in the Philippines: An overview. International Journal of English Language Studies. ISSN: 2707-7578 DOI: 10.32296. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361980733_English_Language_Proficiency_in_the_Philippines_An_Overview
  68. Shi, H. (2015). Exploring English language learners’ needs and learning strategies in the university setting. Auburn University. Institute for Learning Styles Journal. 1, 30-39
  69. Shvidko, E. (2017). Learners’ Attitudes Toward “English-Only” Institutional Policies: Language Use Outside the Classroom. TESL CANADA JOURNAL/REVUE TESL DU CANADA 25, 34(2) PP. 25–48 http://dx.doi.org/1018806/tesl.v34i2.1261
  70. Sincer, G. H. (2017). Inquiring what to teach and how to teach in EVP classes: A general overview on English Teaching for Vocational Purposes in Turkey. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction 9(2) 39–48
  71. Slimane, L. (2023). An investigation into students’ academic English language needs: The case of third year-imd Technology of Communication Students at Saida University. https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/218414
  72. Stander, L., Du Plooy, B. & Scheckle, E. (2022). “Some of them are afraid of the language”: perceptions of TVET college staff about the relationship between English language proficiency and academic performance among engineering students. South African Journal of Higher Education https://dx.doi.org/10.20853/36-1-4541.36(1).296_311
  73. Suhaili, M. S. & Mohama, M. (2021). English language competency in enhancing Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) graduates’ marketability in the Malaysian workplace: A literature review. Politeknik Mukah Sarawak, Mukah, Malaysia. Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia. DOI: 10.4236/ce.2021.128141 
  74. Supriadi, Y. (2019). ESP Course Design: English for Occupational Purposes Paper.   https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332446791_ESP_Course_Design_English_for_Occupational_Purposes_Paper
  75. Taclino, N. (2022). Time to improve Technical Vocational Education and Training in the Philippines. ILOILOTODAY. https://www.iloilotoday.com/tech-voc-in-the-philippines/
  76. Tadle, R. L., Valdez, L. P., Fernandez, R., Uy, C. & de Castro, B. (2021). Students’ experience of service quality of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Programs in Philiphines’s Private Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs). Journal of Technical Education and Training. 13 (3):29-39. https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/JTET/article/view/8257
  77. The Glossary of Education Reform. (Curriculum). (2015). Tupas, R. & Martin, I. P. (2017). Bilingual and Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education in the Philippines. Bilingual and Multilingual Education (pp.247-258). DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-02258-1_18
  78. Tlapana, T. & Myeki, Z. (2020). Students Perception towards Technical Education and Vocational Training (TEVT) Colleges in the Greater Buffalo City Metropole. Global Media Journal. ISSN 1550-7521 18(35):213. https://www.globalmediajournal.com/open-access/students-perception-towards-technical-education-and-vocational-training-tevt-colleges-in-the-greater-buffalo-city-metropole.php?aid=88303
  79. Trasmonte, C. B. & Fajardo, M. T. M. (2023). GAD nuances in the choice of skills training among TVET Students in selected Technical Vocational Institutes. American Journal of Educational Research. 11(3), 138-143. DOI: 10.12691/education-11-3-6
  80. Tridinanti, G. (2018). The correlation between speaking anxiety, self-confidence, and speaking achievement of undergraduate EFL students of private university in Palembang. International Journal of Education & Literacy Studies. 6(4) ISSN: 2202-9478
  81. Tupas, R. & Martin, I. P. (2017). Bilingual and Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education in the Philippines, pp. 247-258. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-02258-1_18. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312052705_Bilingual_and_Mother_Tongue-Based_Multilingual_Education_in_the_Philippines
  82. UNESCO (2021). Sub-Education Policy Review Report: Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/tvet_final_-_january_2021.pdf
  83. Ürün, M. & Yarar, G. (2015). A study on needs analysis in English Language Teaching. https://eera-ecer.de/ecer-programmes/conference/20/contribution/33735/
  84. Wahyuni, L. M., Masih, I. K., & Mei Rejeki, I. N. (2018). Communication Skill Attributes Needed for Vocational Education enter The Workplace. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 953 012111
  85. Wardhany, D. S. (2021). Teacher's perspective in improving students' English speaking skill. The International English Language Teachers and Lecturers (INELTAL) Conference At: Indonesia. iNELTAL 2020 Proceedings
  86. Wu, Q., Bai, B. & Zhu, X. (2019). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in the Philippines: development and status quo. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6617-8_7  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332405242
  87. Xavier, A. (2020). The Nativist Theory – Quick and clear guide. https://www.scientific-editing.info/blog/the-nativist-theory/
  88. Yisa, S. N., Mustapha, M. J., Mustapha, A.& Umaru, N. N. (2021). Gap analysis on effective communication skills of Technical Educators for Teaching and Learning Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). International Conference of School of Science and Technology Education (SSTE)