HomePsychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journalvol. 16 no. 7 (2023)

Technology-Based Teaching Practices, Teachers' Competence and Work Values

Vaneza Caresosa

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

The main thrust of the study was to determine the teachers’ technology-based teaching practices in terms of instructional planning, instructional delivery, classroom management, teacher-learner interaction, subject content, evaluation, and professional responsibility in relation to teachers’ competence and work values in the Province of Bohol during the School Year 2021-2022. Further, this study sought to determine the significant relationship among variables. The study utilized the descriptive-correlational research design with the aid of online survey questionnaires to gather the needed data. It was conducted among the 24 public central elementary schools in the Division of Bohol with six hundred sixty-one (661) teachers. The gathered data were treated using the percentage formula and weighted mean. The significant relationships were computed using the Chi-square and Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study revealed that teachers highly practiced technology based teaching and using technology-based tools/equipment in teaching. In addition, it was found out that there was a significant relationship between the teachers’ implementation of technology-based teaching practices, teachers’ competence and work values. The researcher concluded that the elementary school teachers in public schools of Province of Bohol generally highly implemented the technology-based teaching practices and considered to be highly competent in using technologybased resources in teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, practicing technology-based teaching play a significant role towards honing teachers’ competence and work values that contribute to innovation in education and professional development. Hence, it is recommended that the Department of Education may provide more technology-based equipment/resources for each school such as laptops and desktop computers to better enhance the teachers’ level of implementation of technology-based teaching practices and their teaching competence. Administrators may conduct school-based/district-based technology-based teaching practices trainings and encourage them to undergo massive open online courses/face-to-face to enhance the student learning and will be aware about modern trends and innovation in education.



References:

  1. ACS Distance Edu.. (2016). Attitude and competence level of basic school teachers in the teaching of ict in Cape Coast Metropolis. Retrieved on April 10, 2021 from https://researchgate.net/publication/323525446_Attitude_and_Competence_Level_of_Basic_School_Teachers_in_the_Teaching_of_ICT_in_the_Cape_Coast_Metropolis
  2. Aide Memoire, DepEd Order No. 78, s.2010. Guidelines on the Implementation of the DepEd Computerization Program (DCP). Retrieved on December 11, 2020 from https://www.deped.gov.ph/2010/06/10/do-78-s-2010-guidelines-on-the-implementation-of-the-
  3. Aldoobie, 2018. “Students’ Attitude towards Science: A Case of Pakistan”. Pakistan Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 3-9. Retrieved online 10/11/2013 at: http://www.gcu.edu.pk/ClinPsyJourVol.htm
  4. Anderman & Maehr by UNISCO (2017). Measuring Digital Competence and ICT Literacy: An Exploratory Study of In- Service English Language Teachers in the Context of Saudi Arabia.
  5. Arnseth & Hatlevik. (2019). Teacher training in lifelong learning – The importance in the encouragement of teaching innovation. Retrieved on December 15, 2020 from https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/7/2852
  6. Atleinson, J. C., Castillo, J. J. G., Rodriguez, A. P. & Osuna, J. B. (2020). Development of the teacher digital competence validation of digcompedu  check-in  130 questionnaire in the university context of Andalusia (Spain). Retrieved on December 11, 2020 from https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
  7. Attu & Addo, R. (2016). ICT Competence, Management and Performance of Public elementary School Administrators in the Second Congressional District of Bohol. Bohol Island State University – Main Campus.
  8. Ballesteros, Murrieta, Rodriguez & Lugo (2017). Teachers’ Technology Skills in Relation to their Age, Gender, Time of Usage and Training with a Tablet
  9. Barnes (2018). “Practical Considerations for Using Exploratory Factor Analysis in Educational Research”. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, Vol.18, no. 6, pp. 1-13. 
  10. Barron, 1., & Goldman, E. (2013). Technology and education refonn: The reality behind the promise. In B. Means (Ed.), Integrating technology with teacher preparation (pp. 81 110). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  11. Bassett, P. (2015). Reengineering schools for the 21st century. Phi Delta Kappa, 87(01), 76-78, 83. Retrieved May I5.2007, from http://goliath.ecnext.comlcoms2/gi_019950416781.ReengineerinLSchoolsjor_the_21st.
  12. Bobek & Wu et.al. (2018). Effect of Work Values Outcomes: Investigating Differences between Job Categories. Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan.
  13. Burkell, J. A., Fortier, A., Di Valentino, L. & Roberts, S.T. (2015). Enhancing key digital literacy skills: Information privacy, information security, and copyright/intellectual property. FIMS Publications pg. 35. Retrieved on February 1, 2021 from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/35
  14. Caena, F. & Redecker, C. (2019). Aligning teacher competence frameworks to 21st century challenges: The case for the European Digital Competence Frameworks   for Educators (Digcompedu). Retrieved       on January 25, 2020 from https://www.reseachgate.net/publication/335038465
  15. Chen.J.K. (2016). Defining essential digital skills in the Canadian workplace: Final report. Ottawa, ON: Human Resources and Skills Development Canada. Retrieved on February 2, 2021 from http://www.nald.ca/library/research/digi_es_can_workpl ace/digi_es_can_workplace.pdf  132
  16. Chiu, P. (2018). TVET and skills development in the time of COVID-19.Retrieved on July 25, 2020 from https://www.ukfiet.org/2020/tvet-and-skillsdevelopment-in-the-time-of-covid-19/
  17. Cranston (2021). Teaching and learning with technology: Effectiveness of ICT integration in schools. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 1(2), 175‐191.
  18. Crisolo, G. (2018). Effects of ICT: Do we know what we should know?. Retrieved on October 20, 2020 from https://linl.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10639-007-9032-
  19. Daniel, S.J. (2020). Education and the COVID‐19 pandemic.  Retrieved on July 22, 2020 from https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3.pdf)
  20. Davies (2021). Test of e-Learning related Attitudes (TelRA) scale: Development, Reliability and Validity Study in Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom.
  21. Davis, M. (1989). Development of digital competence in secondary education teachers’ training. Retrieved on July 20, 2020 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326555479_Development_of_Digital_Competence_in_Secondary_Education_Teachers’_Training
  22. Dawson, J., & Thomson, R. (2018). The future cybersecurity workforce: Going beyond technical skills for successful cyber performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. Retrieved on February 2,    2021 from https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00744
  23. Department of Education. (2016). Briones outlines keys to modernizing education system. Retrieved on December 7, 2020 from https://www.deped.gov.ph/2016/10/28/brionesoutlines-keys- to-modernizing-education-system/
  24. Decierdo (2000). The best tech tools for teachers. Education World.Retrieved February 8, 2007, from http://www.educationworld.comlatech/tech/tech234.shtmJ
  25. DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016. Policy Guidelines on Daily Lesson Preparation for the K to 12 Basic Education Program (2016). from https://www.deped.gov.ph/2016/06/17/do-42-s-2016.
  26. DepEd Order No. 58, s. 2020. Guidelines on the Implementation of the DepEd Computerization Program (DCP). Retrieved on December      11, 2020 from https://www.deped.gov.ph/2010/06/10/do-78-s-2010-guidelines-on-the-implementation-of-the-depedcomputerization-program-dcp/
  27. Devi (2020). Effectiveness of ICT Integration in Malaysian Schools: A Quantitative Analysis. International Research Journal for Quality in Education, 2(8), 1‐12.
  28. Dewey (1936). Empathy: measures, theories and applications under review. Annals of Psychology, 24(2), 284–298. Retrieved from: http://www.um.es/analesps/v24/v24_2/12-24_2.pdf
  29. Dostal, J. (2015). The draft of the competencies model of the teacher in the context of the inquiry-based instruction. Retrieved on December 5, 2020 from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042815023927133
  30. Downes, D. (2019). Apple classrooms of tommorrow: What we've learned. Educational Leadership, 51(7),4-10.
  31. Drame & Xu (2017). Changes in teachers' beliefs and practices in technology-rich classrooms. Educational Leadership, 48(8), 45-52.
  32. Dress, (2016). The relationship between teacher training preferences and their digital skills on social networks. Bordon, 68(2), 137–153. 
  33. Edge,T. (2020).ICT integration in education: Incorporation for teaching & learning improvement. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2(2), 24‐46.
  34. Edison, S. W. & Geissler, G. L. (2003). Measuring attitudes towards general technology: Antecedents, hypotheses and scale development.Retrieved on February 5, 2021 from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/palgrave.jt.5740104
  35. Fiore, C. (2017). Integration of ICT in science teaching: A study performed in Azores, Portugal. Recent Research Developments in Learning Technologies.
  36. Global Partnership for Education. (2020). Response to the COVID-19 outbreak: Call for action on teachers. Retrieved on July 23, 2020 from https://www.globalpartnership.org/news/response-covid19-outbreak-call-action-teachers
  37. Ghomi, M. and Redecker, C. (2019). Digital competence of educators (DigCompEdu): Development and evaluation of a self- assessment instrument for teachers’ digital competence. Retrieved on February         16, 2021 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333346181_Digital_Competence_of_Educators_DigCompEdu_Development_and_Evaluation_of_a_Selfassessment_Instrument_for_Teachers’_Digital_Competence
  38. Goe, L. & Stickler, L. (2008). Teacher quality and student achievement: Making the most of recent research. Retrieved on March            29,       2021    from    134 https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=435112
  39. Goldie, J. G. S. (2016). Connectivism: A knowledge learning  theory for the digital age? Retrieved on December 12, 2020 from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nh.gov/27128290/
  40. Grabe, A. M. & Morales, J. (2017). Digital competence of future secondary school teachers: Differences according to gender, age, and branch of knowledge. Retrieved on March 28, 2021 from https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/22/9473/pdf
  41. Ilomäki, L., Paavola, S., Grether, P. (2019). What is technological pedagogical content knowledge? https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241616400_What_Is_Technological_Pedagogical_Content_Knowledge
  42. Hero, F. & Nasreen (2018). Who make effective teachers, men or women? An Indian perspective. Retrieved on June 16, 2021 from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1053959.pdf
  43. Institute of International Teacher Training. (2021). Relationship between teachers’ attitudes towards technology use in education and autonomy behaviors. Retrieved on April 10, 2021 from http://www.tojet.net/articles/v19i3/1937.pdf
  44. Jala, Glaiza T. (2019). School-Based Management Implementation, Teachers‟ Competence, Work Values and Job Satisfaction, Stakeholders‟ Participation and Schools Cohort Survival Rate. Doctoral Thesis, Bohol Island State University-Main Campus. Tagbilaran City., pp.23-38.
  45. Kaufman, J. E. (2021). Descriptive indicators of future teachers’ technology integration in the PK-12 classroom: Trends from a laptop-infused teacher education program. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 48(4), 491- 516. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/EC.48.4.e.
  46. Kellough, C. (2020). Accelerating the DepEd computerization program in the light of COVID-19 pandemic. Retrieved on April 12,       2021    from https://commons.deped.gov.ph/download_oua_document?id=2e58a405-a51f-4f05-8440f115bddc723c
  47. Kilinc, E., Kilinc, S., Kaya, M. M., Baser, E., Er Turkuresin, H. & Kesten, A. (2018). Teachers’ attitudes toward the use of technology in social studies teaching. Retrieved on October 21, 2020 from https://www.academia.edu/37840919/TEACHERS_ATTITUDES_TOWARDTHE_USE_OF_TECHNOLOGY_IN_SOCIAL_STUDIES_TEACHING
  48. Kim, S., Choi, & Lee (2019). Modernization theory and educational approach: Educational theories and practices: A critique. Retrieved on October 24, 2020 from https://www.academia.edu/41254741/MODERNIZATION_THEORY_and_EDUCATIONAL_APPROACH_Educational_Theories_and_Practices_A_Critique
  49. Kubiatko, M. (2010). Czech university students’ attitudes towards ict used in science education. Retrieved on June 16, 2021 from http://www.kubiatko.eu/clanky_pdf/czech_university_students_attitudes_towards_ict_used_in_science_education.pdf
  50. Lakkala, M. & Kantosalo, A. (2018). Digital competence – an emergent boundary concept for policy and educational research.      Retrieved on July 23,  2020 from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10639-01493464#:~:text=Digital%20competence%20is%20an%20evolving,not%20yet%20a%20standardized%20concept
  51. Leys, M. & adviser (2014). Connectivism: Teaching and learning. Retrieved on December 10,     2020 from http://etec.ctlt.ubc.ca/510wiki/Connectivism:_Teaching_and_Learning
  52. Manning, S., & Moersch, J. (2015). The use of computer tools to support meaningful learning. AACE Journal, 16(1), 77-92.
  53. Moersch, J. (2019). A meta-analysis of the Technology Acceptance Model. Information and Management, 43, 740-755. doi: 10.1016/j.im.2006.05.003
  54. Nicol, P. & Al-Dera, A. S. (2018). The impact of teachers’age, gender and experience on the use of information and communication technology in EFL teaching. Retrieved on June 16, 2021 from http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n6p57
  55. Otero, D. & Deressini (2015). Technology enhancing learning: Analyzing uses of information and communication technologies by primary and secondary school pupils with learning frameworks.Retrieved on October 19, 2020   from https://berajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.108 0/09585170600792761
  56. Oxales, O. (2018). Digital transformation for public education towards ict used in science education. http://www.kubiatko.eu/clanky_pdf/czech_university_students_attitudes_towards_ict_used_in_science_education.pdf
  57. Porter, G. & Graham, K. (2016). Preservice teachers and self-\assessing digital competence. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 54(3),   326-351. https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633115620432.
  58. Portillo, J., Garay, U., Tejada, E. & Bilbao, N. (2020). Self-perception of digital competence of educators during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-analysis of different educational stages. Retrieved on December 9, 2020 from https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202011.0426/v1
  59. Race, G. (2019). Teacher Education Journal: Multiple Intelligences Theory and Learning: Philippines. Katha Publishing Co. Inc.
  60. Ramiso, J., & Warshaw, P. R. (2018). The Theory of Reasoned Action: A meta-analysis of past research with recommendations for modifications for future research. The Journal of Consumer Research, 15(3), 325-343. Retrieved from: http://links.jstor.org/sici?=0935301%28198812%3A3%3c325%ATTORAA%3E2.0.CO%3B2.9
  61. Reeves, K. (1998). Exploring the extent of ICT adoption among secondary school teachers in Malaysia. International Journal of Computing and ICT Research, 2(2), 19-36. Retrieved on March 21, 2021    from http://www.ijcir.org/volume2number2/article3.pdf
  62. Republic Act No. 10175. Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012. Retrieved on January 27, 2021 from https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2012/09/12/republic -act- no-10175/
  63. Republic Act No. 10844. Department of Information and Communications Technology Act of 2015. Retrieved on May 23, 2016 from https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2016/0 5/23/republic-act-no-10844/.
  64. Rice, R. J. (2016). Prepared to teach ESL with ICT? A study of digital competence in Norwegian teacher education. Computers and Education, 97, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.02.014
  65. Rodel (2008). Exploring the extent of ICT adoption among secondary school teachers in Malaysia. International Journal of Computing and ICT Research, 2(2), 19-36. Retrieved on March 21,          2021            from http://www.ijcir.org/volume2number2/article3.pdf
  66. Roy, C. (2017). European framework for the digital competence of educators: DigCompEdu. EUR 28775 EN. Publications Office of the European Union: Luxembourg. ISBN 978-92-79-73494-6, doi: 10.2760/159770, JRC107466. Retrieved on March 25, 2021 from https://hforhuman.org/app/uploads/2018/03/pdf_digcomed u_a4_final.compressed.pdf
  67. Salandanan, G. (2015). Teaching and the Teacher: Philippines Lorimar Publishing Company Inc.
  68. Shifflet, S. R. & Weilbachm, U. S. (2019). Influence of gender and age of teachers on teaching: Students perspective. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322692100_Influence_of_Gender_and_Age_of_Teachers_on_Teaching_Students_Perspective
  69. Siemens, G. (2005). Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age. Retrieved on December 9, 2020 from http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/connectivism.htm  140
  70. Sysoyev, P. V., Evstigneeva, I. A., & Evstigneev, M. N. (2015). The Development of Students’ Discourse Skills via Modern Information and Communication Technologies. Procedia- Social  and  Behavioral  Sciences,  200,  114-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.08.028
  71. Trimble, P.T., (2003). The Relationship Between Teacher Levels Of Technology Integration (Loti) On 3rd -5 Th Grade Students on The Texas Assessment of Knowledge And Skills (Taks) Scores At Alamo Heights Independent School District, San Antonio, Texas.
  72. Ulas, M. (2018). Facilitating students’ digital competence: Did they do it? Retrieved on April 15, 2021 from https://www.reserchgate.net/publication/335698926_Facilitating_Students’_Digital_Competence_Did_They_Do_It
  73. U.S. DepEd: Office of Ed. Technology- OET. (2019). Digital competence and digital literacy in higher education research: Systematic review of concept use. Retrieved on October 26, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2018.1519143
  74. Wan Athirah Wan Rosdy (2015). Teaching and Learning with Technology: Effectiveness of ICT Integration in Schools.California, USA.
  75. Weimer, S. K. (2011). Teachers’ attitude towards modernization.Retrieved on December 10, 2020 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301232374_Teachers’_Attitude_Towards_Modernization
  76. Zineb, B. (2021). Relationship between assessment and students’ learning.  Retrieved on April 15, 2021 from http://ecommons.akuedu/pakistan_ied_pden/