Home⇛Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal⇛vol. 3 no. 4 (2022)

Intervention Programs Implemented by the Public Elementary Schools in the Division of Quezon: Its Impact to Address Absenteeism Among Pupils Due to Child Labor

Monchito Porteza

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

This study aimed to determine the impact of the intervention programs implemented by the public schools to address absenteeism among pupils due to child labor. A descriptive method was utilized in the study which was conducted in the entire division of Quezon where a total of 270 child workers served as the respondents. Samples were identified using the proportional sampling to determine samples per municipality and a random sampling was considered to determine the included respondents in the study. The principal instrument used was the questionnaire which focuses on the impact of the intervention program implemented by the public elementary schools with regard the behavioral, cognitive, and emotional engagement to facilitate the gathering of essential information. Percentage and mean were the statistical treatment used to analyze the data. Moreover, an T-test was used to determine the significant difference on the impact level of intervention programs to child work among the respondents. The results of this study revealed that the various intervention programs such as Project ReACH “Find The, Reach Theme, Keep Them and Make Them Complete School”, School Initiative Intervention, and Drop-Out Reduction Program implemented by the schools have impacted absenteeism among pupils who are involved in child work. This only implies that despite their young age and commitment to child labor, they can still perform academically because of the intervention programs implemented. On the same survey, a significant difference on the impact of the intervention programs implemented to address the absenteeism due to child labor was found. After a thorough analysis of findings, it can be concluded that the intervention policy can be reliable and viable to further increase pupils’ academic performance and school participation. Therefore, schools can apply the materials used in the study to be able to address absenteeism among pupils and by helping every pupil under child labor complete their basic education.



References:

  1. Amar, J., Holgado, D., Maya-Jariego, I., Ramos, I., Palacio, J., Oviedo-Trespalacios, O., and Romero-Mendoza, V. (2014). Impact of Child Labor on Academic Performance: Evidence from the Program “Edúcame Primero Colombia”. International Journal of Educational Development: January 2014. Journal Homepage: www.elsevier.com /locate/ijedudev. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication
  2. Anumaka, & Anumaka, Ijeoma. (2013). Child Labour: Impact on Academic Performance and Social Implication: A Case of Northeast Uganda. International Journal of Educational Science and Research (IJESR). 3. 55-60.
  3. Aparejo, S. (2014). Drop Out Rate of Second Year Students: An I n t e r v e n t i o n P l a n . R e t r i e v e d f r o m https://www.thesisabstracts.com/ThesisAbstract_832_-Drop-Out-Ra te-Of-Second-Year-Students--An-Intervention-Plan.html
  4. Ballescas, M.R. (2009). “Tungod sa Kawad-on” Filipino Working Children’s Health and Globalization. International Journal of Mental Health, pp 66-87.
  5. Bautista, C. (2014). Status and Practices of Grade 7 and Third Year Level -School Year 2013-14: Bases for Procedural Prevention/Intervention Programs. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/10587274
  6. Beiter, K. (2005). The Protection of the Right to Education by International Law. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp 21–22.
  7. Bhat, Bilal Ahmad (2010). Gender, Education and Child Labour: A Sociological Perspective. Centre of Central Asian Studies, University of Kashmir, J and K, India: June: Vol. pp 323-328.
  8. Blondal, K. S., and Adalbjarnardottir, S. (2014). Parenting in relation to school dropout through student engagement: a longitudinal study. J. Marriage Fam. 76, 778–795. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12125
  9. Bonga, M. and Del Rosario, R. (2004). Child Labor in the Philippines: A Review of Selected Studies and Policy Papers, PID Institute.
  10. Demir, C., Demir, E., and Uygur, S. (2006). The Relationship between Work, School Performance and School Attendance of Primary School Children in Turkey. Paper presented at the European Conference on Educational Research, University of Geneva on September 13-15, 2006.
  11. DepEd Order No. 39, s. 2016. Adoption of the Basic Education Research Agenda. Department of Education. Signed: Bro. Armin A. Luistro FSC, Secretary. Released: June 10, 2016.
  12. Evangelista N. (2014), Absenteeism Among Fourth Year Students of Lipa City National High School: Basis for a Proposed Action Plan.
  13. Fan, W., and Williams, C. M. (2010). The effects of parental involvement on students’ academic self–efficacy, engagement and intrinsic motivation. Educ. Psychol. 30, 53–74. doi: 10.1080/01443410903353302
  14. Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., and Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Rev. Educ. Res. 74, 59–109. doi: 10.3102/00346543074001059
  15. Gamble, A. (2011). Developmental Effects of Child Labor. Posted on September 26, 2011.
  16. George, D. K. (2009). What student affairs professionals need to know about student engagement. J. Coll. Stud. Dev. 50, 683–706. doi: 10.1353/csd.0.0099
  17. Huebler, F. (2008). Child Labour and School Attendance: Evidence from MICS and DHS Surveys. UNICEF, UN Plaza, New York.
  18. Holgado, Daniel & Jariego, Isidro & Ramos-Vidal, Ignacio & Palacio Sañudo, Jorge & Oviedo-Trespalacios, Oscar & Mendoza, Vanessa & Amar Amar, José. (2014). Impact of child labor on academic performance: Evidence from the program “Edúcame Primero Colombia”. International Journal of Educational Development. 34. 58-66. 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2012.08.004
  19. International Labour Organization (2004). Child Labour: a Textbook for University Students. Geneva.
  20. Johnson, M. L., and Sinatra, G. M. (2013). Use of task-value instructional inductions for facilitating engagement and conceptual change. Contemp. Educ. Psychol. 38, 51–63. doi: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2012.09.003
  21. Khan, T. (2016). Child Labor and its Dismal Psychological Implications. Journal of Pioneering Medical Sciences. Posted on June 13, 2016.
  22. Khanam, R. (2010) Child Labour and Schooling in Developing Countries: A Review of the Literature.
  23. Li, Y., and Lerner, R. M. (2011). Trajectories of school engagement during adolescence: implications for grades, depression, delinquency, and substance use. Dev. Psychol. 47, 233–247. doi: 10.1037/a0021307
  24. Parke, S.C. & Kanyongo, Y.G. (2012). Student Attendance, Mobility, And Mathematics Achievement in an Urban School District. Journal of Education Research, 105 (3), 161-175. Retrieved from www.researchgate.net/publication/305109305_Absenteeism
  25. Pollack, L. (2010). Examining the Effectiveness of Dropout Prevention Practices and Their Implications for Intervention with Public School Students. Dissertation. University of Mississippi.
  26. Randolph, K. A., Fraser, M. W., and Orthner, D. K. (2006). A strategy for assessing the impact of time varying family risk factors on high school dropout. J. Fam. Issues 27, 933–950. doi: 10.1177/0192513X06287168
  27. Rufino, C. (2015). The joint estimation of filipino child’s participation in schooling and employment and new stylized facts on the Philippine child labor situation. DLSU Business and Economics Review. 25. 119-142
  28. Spencer, A.M. (2009). School Attendance Patterns, Unmet Education Needs, and Truancy. Remedial and Special Education, 30 ( 5 ) , 3 0 9 - 3 1 9 . R e t r i e v e d f r o m www.researchgate.net/publication/305109305_Absenteeism
  29. Ullen, K. and Eck H. (2011) .Targeting Child Labor in Debt Bondage: Evidence, Theory, and Policy Implications. World Bank Economic Review, 17, pp. 255.
  30. Walters, M. (n. d.). The Effects of Absenteeism in Schools. R e t r i e v e d f r o m https://www.academia.edu/24894128/The_Effects_of_Excessive_A bsenteeism_in_Schools
  31. Wang, M.-T., and Fredricks, J. A. (2014). The reciprocal links between school engagement, youth problem behaviors, and school dropout during adolescence. Child Dev. 85, 722–737. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12138
  32. Wefald, A. J., and Downey, R. G. (2009). Construct dimensionality of engagement and its relation with satisfaction. J. Psychol. 143, 91– 112. doi: 10.3200/JRLP.143.1.91–112
  33. Wodon, W. (2000). Social Research Methods, Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (6th ed). Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon.
  34. Yang, P.-J., and Lamb, M. E. (2014). Factors influencing classroom behavioral engagement during the first year at school. Appl. Dev. Sci. 18, 189–200. doi: 10.1080/10888691.2014.924710

Tools


Copyright © 2024  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic