Home⇛DMMMSU Research and Extension Journal⇛vol. 6 no. 1 (2022)

Profiling of the Beekeeping Industry: Status of Beekeeping in Region 1 and Cordillera Administrative Region

Rolyne Mae C Pajarillo | Pablo Masiong | David De Castro | Mishima P Soliba | Joseph Panas | Mac Donald Acosta

Discipline: Animal Science

 

Abstract:

Beekeeping is a viable agribusiness enterprise of smallscale farmers, and other rural and non-rural people. Despite the many returns bees give including the increasing industry stakeholders and trained beekeepers, local honey production remains very low; hence, this study was conducted to determine the profile and status of bee enterprises in Region 1 and CAR. Demographic profile, level of motivation along the STEEP factors, and enterprise profile, were gathered employing semi-structured questionnaire. Interviews and secondary data were also employed. Results revealed that majority (78.95%) belong to the working age population (21-60 years old). There were more male (75.44%) and married (78.95%) beekeepers but women participation (24.56%) was also observed. Beekeepers had a relatively high literacy rate and 98.1% completed bee trainings. More than half (68.42%) were officers/members of community organizations but they were just part-time beekeepers because they had other/main source of family income. Environmental influences e.g., vegetation, were “very highly motivating factors in engaging to. Apiary sites conformed to standards of location appropriateness and resources availability, and all beekeepers practiced migration for higher honey production. They had total colony holdings of 1,097.5 standard (10-framer), with an average of 27.44 colonies each. This classified them as commercial beekeepers based on the Philippine National Standards. Lowland and upland honey flows fall in April to May and October to December. An analogous process flow of honey harvesting, processing and storing was confirmed. Start-up investment is ?22,010.00. Average yearly operational expense per standard colony incurred by lowland beekeepers from 2000 to 2019, was ?19,367.84 which is a little higher than the upland costs due to land and truck rental, and labor fees during migration and production periods. CAR beekeepers had a higher ROI of 20.02% than those in Region 1 with 4.39%. Natural environmental harms i.e., bee-eater predator birds, typhoons, were on top of the reasons why beekeepers discontinued their apiculture projects.



References:

  1. Agriculture Training Institute. (n.d). Area of Coverage – The Region.ATI in the Cordillera.
  2. Asean  Centre for Biodiversity. (2019). List of Birds that are Native in Philippines. Biodiversity Information Management Unit, p28-29.
  3. Avianweb LLC. (2011). Bee-eaters. Beauty of Birds. https://www.beautyofbirds.com/beeeaters.html
  4. Betterbee. (n.d.) Migratory beekeeping. Glossary of beekeeping terms. Dictionary. Betterbee. https://www.betterbee.com/glossary/
  5. Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards. (2016). Philippine National Standard Code of Good Beekeeping Practices. PNS/BAFS 186:2016. ICS 65.020.30.
  6. Chantayod, S., Zhang, W., & Chen, J. (2017). People’s Perceptions of the Benefits of Natural Beekeeping and Its Positive Outcomes for Forest Conservation: A Case Study in Northern Lao PDR. SAGE Publications, Tropical Conservation Science, 10(1-11). doi: 10.1177/1940082917697260
  7. Costa, LC.V., Kaspchak, Queiroz, M.B., de Almeida, M.M., Quast, E., & Quast, L.B. (2015). Influence of temperature and homogenization of honey crystallization. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 18(2), 155-161. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.7314
  8. Crane, E. (1999). The World History of Beekeeping and Honey Hunting. Published by Routledge, United States of America; and Gerald Duckworth and Company Ltd in Great Britain, pp 1-493. ISBN 0-415-92467-2
  9. Dangle, J.C., Panas, J.A. & Soliba, M.P. (2011). Behavioral Characterization of the Blue-tailed Bee-eater (Merops philippinus) and Blue-throated Bee-eater (Merops viridis). Unpublished Terminal Report of the Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University-National Apiculture Research Training and Development Institute.
  10. Dangle, J.C., Panas, J.A.,  & Soliba, M.P. (2011). Prevention and Control of Bird Predators of Honey Bee (Apis mellifera). A technical paper presented by the Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University-National Apiculture Research Training  and Development Institute during the 2014 Commodity Review on Forestry, Agro-forestry, Climate Resilient Agriculture and Apiculture held at the University of the Philippines, Vigan City, Ilocos Sur
  11. Department of Agriculture. (2012, March 29). Promoting the Development of Apiculture or Honeybee Industry including its Official Controls and Regulatory Requirement under the Bureau of Animal Industry. DA-Administrative Order No. 14, s. of 2012.
  12. Department of Agriculture-Regional Field Office-Cordillera Administrative Region. (n.d.). Regional Profile.
  13. Department of Environment and Natural Resources. (2004, May 22).Establishing the List of Terrestial Threatened Species and their Categories, and the List of Other Wildlife Species Pursuant to Republic Act 9147, Otherwise Known as The Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001. Administrative Order No. 2004-15.
  14. Department of Trade and Industry. (n.d.) Profile of Region 1. https://www.dti.gov.ph/regions/region-1/profile/
  15. Devkota, K., Dhakal, S.C., & Thapa, R.B. (2016). Economics of beekeeping as pollination management practices adopted by farmers in Chitwan district of Nepal. Agriculture & Food Security, 5(6). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-016-0053-9
  16. Fagan, M. & Huang, C. (2019). A look at how people around the world view climate change.Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/04/18/a-look-at-how-people-around-the-world-view-climate-change/
  17. Food and Agriculture Organization. (2003). Recommended International Code of Practice, General Principles of Food Hygiene. CAC/RCP 1-1969, Rev. 3 (1997), Amended 1999. https://www.loex.de/files/downloads/lebensmittel/Codex%20Alimentarius%20(EN).pdf
  18. Food and Agriculture Organization. (2009). Bridging the gap. FAO’s programme for gender equality in agriculture and rural development. Gender, Equity and Rural Development Division, Economic and Social Development Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/3/i1243e/i1243e.pdf 
  19. Food and Agriculture Organization. (2012). FAO in the Philippines, Philippines at a glance. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/philippines/fao-in-philippines/philippines-at-a-glance/en/ 
  20. Food and Agriculture Organization. (2018). Country gender assessment of agriculture and the rural sectors in the Philippines. Manila. 58pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. ISBN 978-92-5-130903-2. http://www.fao.org/3/CA1345EN/ca1345en.pdf
  21. Food and Agriculture Organization-United Nations. (2018). Why bees matter. The importance of bees and other pollinators for food and agriculture. Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food. 19527EN/2/05.19. http://www.fao.org/3/i9527en/i9527en.pdf
  22. Hilmi, M., Brandbear, N., & Mejia, D. (2011) Beekeeping and sustainable livelihoods. Second edition. Report of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISSN 1810-0775
  23. International Union for Conservation of Nature. (2013). 2012 IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. ISBN: 978-2-8317-1612-1.
  24. Mayer, P. & Banda-Genchev, S. (2016, February 26). Pollinators vital to our food supply under threat. Assessment details options for safeguarding pollinators. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
  25. National Geographic. (2011) Altitude. Encyclopedic Entry. Resource library of the National Geographic Society. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/altitude/
  26. Odouro-ofori, E., Prince, A.A., & Elfreda A.N.A. (2014). Effects of education on the agricultural productivity of farmers in the Offinso Municipality. International Journal of Development Research. 4(9), 1951-1960. ISSN: 2230-9926. https://www.journalijdr.com/sites/default/files/issue-pdf/1839.pdf
  27. Official Gazette. (2001, August 10). Republic Act No. 9151. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2001/08/10/republic-act-no-9151/
  28. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development/FAO. (2020). OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2020-2029. FAO, Rome/OECD Publishing, Paris. ISBN 978-92-64-58295-8/1999-1142. https://doi.org/10.1787/1112c23b-en
  29. Pajarillo, R. C., Masiong, P. L., De Castro, D. T., Soliba, M. P., Panas, J. A., & Acosta, M. C. (2019). Profiling of the Beekeeping Industry: Status of Beekeeping in Region 1 and Cordillera Administrative Region. Unpublished Terminal Report of the Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University-National Apiculture Research Training and  Development Institute.
  30. Philippine Statistics Authority. (2012). Other agricultural activities. CAF Enumerator’s Manual.
  31. Philippine Statistics Authority. (2016). Foreign Trade Statistics of the Philippines 2015, Volume I – Imports. ISSN 0116-1822
  32. Reddigari, M. (2019, April 9). What’s the difference between wholesale vs. retail? MileIQ Small Business Tips.
  33. Rocamora, J.A.L. (2017, October 23). DOT launches farm tourism promoting “Made in PH” experiences. Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1013632
  34. Sponsler, D.B., & Johnson, R. (2015). Honey bee success predicted by landscape composition in OH, USA. PeerJ 3(3):e838; DOI 10.7717/peerj.838.
  35. Statista Research Department. (2021, October 26). Agriculture in the Philippines – statistics and facts. Statista. https://www.statista.com/topics/5744/agriculture-industry-in-the-philippines/#topicHeader__wrapper
  36. World Health Organization. (2020, April 30). Food safety. Key Facts. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/food-safety
  37. World Health Origanization. (2021, November 10). Diabetes. Key Facts. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes
  38. Zwan, P.V.D., Thurik, R., Verheul, I., & Hessels, J. (2016). Factors influencing the entrepreneurial engagement of opportunity 

Tools


Copyright © 2024  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic