HomeJournal of Interdisciplinary Perspectivesvol. 2 no. 8 (2024)

Initiatives of City Government of Calamba and Awareness of City on Plastic Dependency Reduction: Basis for Action Plan

Ronn Martin C. Reyes

Discipline: environmental sciences

 

Abstract:

This study aimed to determine and understand the implementation and level of awareness regarding plastic dependency reduction initiatives by the City Government of Calamba. These initiatives were developed to decrease plastic usage and manage its disposal through public awareness and behavioral changes toward plastic usage and disposal. The study sought to explore the significant difference between the assessments of Barangay Residents and Calamba City Local Government on these initiatives and to evaluate the significant relationship between the implementation and the level of awareness of plastic dependency reduction in Calamba City. A total of 242 surveys were collected through a random sampling method utilizing a researcher-made survey form. The data were interpreted using composite mean, a Four Point Likert Scale, and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation. The results revealed a difference between the assessments of Barangay Residents and Calamba City Local Government on the City Government initiatives. Furthermore, the findings showed a significant relationship between the assessments of Barangay Residents and Calamba City Local Government authorities on the implementation of these initiatives and the level of awareness of plastic dependency reduction. Based on these findings, the researcher proposed an action plan and activities to be initiated by the City Environment and Natural Resources Office. These activities focus on public involvement and environmental awareness to improve the ongoing initiatives on plastic dependency reduction in the City of Calamba.



References:

  1. Ahsan, M. U., Nasir, M., & Abbas, J. (2020). Examining the Causes of Plastic Bags Usages and Public Perception about its Effects on the Natural Environment. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10 (10), 80-96 doi:10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i10/7919
  2. Anderson, M. J., Ofshteyn, A., Miller, M., Ammori, J., & Steinhagen, E. (2020). Residents as Teachers” Workshop Improves Knowledge, Confidence, and Feedback skills for General Surgery Residents. Journal of Surgical Education, 77(4), 757-764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.01.010
  3. Ardoin, N. M., Bowers, A. W., & Wheaton, M. (2023). Leveraging collective action and environmental literacy to address complex sustainability challenges. Ambio, 52, 30-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-022-01764-6
  4. Baba, S., Mohammad, S., & Young, C. (2021). Managing project sustainability in the extractive industries: Towards a reciprocity framework for community engagement. International Journal of Project Management, 39, 887-901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2021.09.002
  5. Baiardi, D. (2022). What do you think about climate change? Journal of Economic surveys, 37(4), 1255-1313. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12535
  6. Bergmann, M., Mützel, S., Primpke, S., Tekman, M. B., Trachsel, J., & Gerdts, G. (2019). White and Wonderful? Microplastics prevail in snow from the Alps to the Artic. Science Advances, 5(8), 1-10. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax1157
  7. Bhutto, M. Y., Šeinauskienė, B., & Ertz, M. (2023). Exploring factors of e-waste recycling intention: The case of generation Y. PLoS One, 18(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287435
  8. Castellanos, P. M. A., Queiruga-Dios, A., Encinas, A. H., & Acosta, L. C. (2020). Environmental Education in Environmental Engineering: Analysis of the Situation in Colombia and Latin America. Sustainability, 12(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187239
  9. Chi, T., Ganak, J., Summers, L., Adesanya, O., McCoy, L., Liu, H., & Tai, Y. (2021). Understanding Perceived Value and Purchase Intention toward Eco-Friendly Athleisure Apparel: Insights from U.S. Millennials. Sustainability, 13, 7946. https:// doi.org/10.3390/su13147946
  10. Cho, R. (2020, April 30). https://news.climate.columbia.edu/2020/04/30/plastic-paper-cotton-bags/
  11. Chung, E., Govindan, P., & Pechenkina, A. O. (2022). The effect of incentives on motivated numeracy amidst COVID-19. Journal of Experimental Political Science, 10(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1017/XPS.2022.32
  12. Corvellec, H., Stowell, A. F., & Johansson, N. (2021). Critiques of the circular economy. Research and Analysis, 26(2), 421-432. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.13187
  13. Cowan, E., Booth, A. M., Misund, A., Klun, K., Rotter, A., & Tiller, R. (2021). Single-Use Plastic Bans: Exploring Stakeholder Perspectives on Best Practices for Reducing Plastic Pollution. Environments, 8(8), 81. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8080081
  14. Crowley, J. (2020). Plastic bag consumption habits in the Northern Philippines. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104848
  15. D’Amato, A., Giaccherini, M., & Zoli, M. (2019). The Role of Information Sources and Providers in Shaping Green Behaviors. Evidence from Europe. Ecological Economics, 164 (10), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.04.004
  16. Ettinger, J., McGivern, A., Spiegel, M. P., King, B., Shawoo, Z., Chapin, A., & Finnegan, W. (2023). Breaking the climate spiral of silence: lessons from a COP26 climate conversations campaign. Climate Change. 176,22 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-023-03493-5
  17. Fan, Y. V., Jiang, P., Hemzal, M., & Klemes, J. J. (2020). An Update of COVID-19 influence on waste management. Science of the Total Environment, 754(1), 142014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142014
  18. Farvazova, M. (2020). Factors that influence the consumers’ choice towards the eco-friendly grocery bags. LAB University of Applied Sciences, 44. https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2020112323980
  19. Ganak, J., Chen, Y., Liang, D., Liu, H., & Chi, T. (2020). Understanding US millennials’ perceived values of denim apparel recycling: insights for brands and retailers. International Journal of Sustainable Society, 12(4). 10.1504/IJSSOC.2020.112444
  20. Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives, Liamson, C., Benosa, S., Aliño, M., & Bacongis, B. (2020, July). Sachet Economy: Big Problems in Small Packets. www.no-burn.org
  21. Gomez, I. D. L., & Escobar, A. S. (2022). The dilemma of plastic bags and their substitutes: A review on LCA studies. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 30, 107-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.11.021
  22. Herrmann, C., Rhein, S., & Strater, K. F. (2022). Consumers’ sustainability-related perception of an willingness to pay for food packaging alternatives. Resources Conservation and Recycling, 181(1), 1-13. DOI:10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106219
  23. Jakučionytė-Skodiene, M., & Liobikienė, G. (2022). The Changes in Climate Change Concern, Responsibility Assumption and Impact on Climate-friendly Behaviour in EU from the Paris Agreement Until 2019. Environmental Management, 69, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-021-01574-8
  24. Jonek-Kowalska, I., & Wolniak, R. (2023). Smart Cities in Poland: Towards sustainability and a better quality of life? (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003358190
  25. Kaiser, M. L., Hand, M. D., & Pence, E. K. (2020). Individual and Community Engagement in Response to Environmental Challenges Experienced in Four Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061831
  26. Kautish, P., Sharma, R., Mangla, S. K., Jabeen, F., & Awan, U. (2021). Understanding choice behavior towards plastic consumption: An emerging market investigation. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 174, 105828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105828
  27. Kitz, R., Walker, T., Charlebois, S., & Music, J. (201). Food Packaging during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consumer perceptions. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 46(2), 434-448. 10.1111/ijcs.12691
  28. Latkin, C., Dayton, L., Bonneau, H., Bhaktaram, A., Ross, J., Pugel, J., & Latshaw, M. W. (2022). Percieved Barriers to Climate Change Activism Behaviors in the United States Among Individuals Highly Concerned about Climate Change. Journal of Prevention, 44, 389-407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-022-00704-0
  29. Lau, W. W.Y., Shiran, Y., Bailey, R. M., Cook, E., Stuchtey, M. R., Koskella, J., Velis, C. A., Godfrey, L., Boucher, J., Murphy, M. B., Thompson, R. C., Jankowska, E., Castillo, A., Pilditch, T. D., Dixon, B., Koerselman, L., Kosior, E., Favolino, E., Gutberlet, J., … Palardy, J. E. (2020). Evaluating scenarios toward zero plastic pollution. Plastic pollution, 369(6510), 1455-1461. DOI: 10.1126/science.aba9475
  30. Lekavičius, V., Viktorija Bobinait˙, V., Balsiunaite, R., Kliaugaite, D., Rimkunaite, K., & Vasauskaite, J. (2023, August 7). Socioeconomic Impacts of Sustainability Practices in the Production and Use of Carrier Bags. Sustainability, 15(15), 12060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su151512060
  31. Linh, D. H., Cam, D. T. T., Chi, D. T. H., Ngoc, L. T. B., Nhi, H. P., & Nguyen, H. P. (2019). Factors influencing consumers’ behavioral intentions to reduce plastic waste: empirical research with the case of vietnam. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, economics and Law, 18(5), 174-181. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333292753
  32. McCombes, S. (2020). Descriptive Research | Definition, Types, Methods & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved May, 2023, from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/
  33. Moshood, T. D., Adeleke, A.Q., Nawanir, G., & Mahmud, F. (2020). Ranking of human factors affecting contractors’ risk attitudes in the Malaysian construction industry. Social Science and Humanities, 2(1), 100064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100064
  34. Parker, L. (2019, April 4). We Made Plastic. We Depend on It. Now We’re Drowning in It. Imphal Times, 1.
  35. Rapada, M. Z., Yu, D. E., & Yu, K. D. (2021). Do Social Media Posts Influence Consumption Behavior towards Plastic Pollution? Sustainability, 13(22), 12334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su132212334
  36. Rouhanizadeh, B., & Kermanshachi, S. (2021). Barriers to an effective post-recovery process: A comparative analysis of the Public’s and experts’ perspectives. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 57, 102181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102181
  37. Sen, A., & Nagenda, H. (2020). Local community engagement, environmental placemaking and stewardship by migrants: A case study of lake conservation in Bengaluru, India. Landscape and Urban Planning, 204(1), 103933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103933
  38. Sharma, B. (2021). Abundance of plastic: an ignored toxin in food industry. 2021 International Young Scholars’ Conference, 10, 86-102. https://doi.org/10.47344/iysw.v10i0.431
  39. Shawe, R., Horan, W., Moles, R., & O’Regan, B. (2019). Mapping of sustainability policies and initiatives in higher education institutes. Environmental Science and Policy, 99, 80-88. 10.1016/j.envsci.2019.04.015
  40. Signori, S., & Forno, F. (n.d.). Consumer groups as grassroots social innovation niches. British food journal, 121(3), 803-814. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-08-2018-0523
  41. Suleman, R., Amjad, A., Ismail, A., Javed, S., Ghafoor, U., & Fahad, S. (2022). Impact of plastic bags usage in food commodities: an irreversible loss to environment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, 49483-49489. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21091-3
  42. Sun, P.-C., Wang, H.-M., Huang, H.-L., & Ho, C.-W. (2020. Consumer attitude and purchase intention toward rooftop photovoltaic installation: The roles of personal trait, psychological benefit, and government incentives. Energy and Environment, 31(1), 21-39. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305X17754278
  43. Tonder, E. V., Fullerton, S., De Beer, L.T., & Saunders, S.G. (2023). Social and personal factors influencing green customer citizenship behaviours: The role of subjective norm, internal values and attitudes. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 71(2), 103190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103190
  44. Vicente, K. F., Vicente, R. F., Mapalad, G. V., Faminial, J. M., Formento, S. F., & Eledia, O. G. (2022). Perceptions Towards No Single-use Plastic Policy: The Case of Casual Dining Restaurants. Romblon State University Research Journal, 4(2), 32-35. https://doi.org/10.58780/rsurj.v4i2.75
  45. Vidiasova, L., & Cronemberger, F. (2020). Discrepancies in perceptions of smart city initiatives in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Sustainable Cities and Society, 59, 102158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102158
  46. Wagner, T. P. (2020). Policy Instruments to Reduce Consumption of Expanded Polystrene Food Service Ware in the USA. Multidisciplinary Journal for waste resources and residues, 9(2020), 11-26. https://doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2020.13903
  47. Williams, M., Gower, R., Green, J., Whitebread, E., Lenkiewicz, Z., & Schroder, P. (2019). No Time to Waste: Tackling the Plastic Pollution Crisis Before it’s Too Late. Tearfund. https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/20.500.12413/14490
  48. Wu, L., Ma, T., Bian, Y., Li, S., & Yi, Z. (2020). Improvement of regional environmental quality: Government environmental governance and public participation. Science of the Total Environment, 12, 771723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137265.
  49. Zambrano-Monserrate, M. A., & Ruano, M. A. (2020). Do you need a bag? Analyzing the consumption behavior of plastic bags of households in Ecuador. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 152, 104489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104489