Analysis of Land Water Balance in Various Rainfall Conditions and Its Utilization to Determine Planting Patterns of Food Crops in the Eastern Part of Seram District of Seram Island
Elia L. Madubun | Rhony E. Ririhena | Semuel Laimeheriwa | Ridoni Simamora
Discipline: agricultural sciences
Abstract:
Soil water balance calculation is one of the methods used to estimate the
dynamics of soil water content during plant growth. This study aims to
describe rainfall conditions and analyze soil water balance as well as determine the growing season and composition of food crop combination
patterns based on the available growing season in East Seram Island. This
research uses rainfall data for 30 years of observation period 1992-2021
from Geser Meteorological Station (Data analysis with the following
stages: (i) rainfall analysis (ii) calculation of average rainfall (iii) determination of rainfall with a 75% chance (iv) calculation of soil water balance using the Thornthwaite and Mather method (v) determination of
the growing season and cropping pattern. The results showed that the
average rainfall in East Seram was 2,194 mm/year with a water deficit
(D) occurring in October and November, then the rainfall had a 75%
chance of being exceeded at 1,439 mm/year with a water deficit of 228
mm/year which lasted for eight months, namely August - March. The
growing season under normal rainfall conditions was available throughout the year, while under high rainfall conditions, a 75% chance of the
growing season was available for five months, namely May and October.
The cropping patterns and crop combinations used were monoculture,
polyculture, and intercropping with combinations of cassava, maize,
sweet potato, groundnut, mung bean, cassava-corn, cassava-peanuts/green beans, maize-peanuts, cassava-corn-peanuts/green beans,
cassava-corn-horticultural crops.
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