The Traditional Way of Saving Money Versus the Modern Style of Investment: The Financial Management Styles of Sorsogon State University (Sorsu) Bulan Campus Faculty Members
Michael B. Bongalonta | Michelle M. Bongalonta | Santos E. Gigantoca
Discipline: social sciences (non-specific)
Abstract:
This research was conducted to identify the practices employed by
the SorSU Faculty members towards saving money as well as discover
the problems encountered by them in handling their finances. A total
of 40 faculty members of Sorsogon State University Bulan Campus
participated in this study. The mixed designed was used in this research which employed survey and focus group discussions.
This study concludes that the faculty members of SorSU Bulan
Campus adopt both the traditional way of saving money and the modern style of investment as modes of saving their finances which include budgeting, joining in “paluwagan”, using piggy bank, maintaining bank accounts and deposits and purchasing investment instruments. Increasing cost of utilities and unexpected day-to-day expenses; lack of financial literacy; poor debt management; and low and
delayed salaries were the problems encountered by the faculty participants in handling their monetary resources. From the results of the
study, this highly recommends the adoption of the Bongalonta’s Financial Model for SorSU Bulan Campus Faculty Members designed by the researcher as a guide or model for saving money. It is
likewise recommended that seminars and trainings on financial literacy may be conducted.
References:
- Accredited Debt Relief. (2019). Saving habits survey. Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://www.accrediteddebtrelief.com/resources/saving-habits-survey/.
- Alghalith, M. (2018). Traditional savings versus modern investment: A case study. Journal of Economics and Development Studies, 6(2), 1-10.
- American Association of University Professors. (2015). Statement on academic freedom and tenure.
- Arreola, R. A., & Rutherfoord, R. (2003). Senior faculty and high-performing faculty: A study of participation in governance activities. Journal of Higher Education, 74(4), 409–428. doi: 10.1353/jhe.2003.0036
- Ang, A., Chen, J., & Xing, Y. (2006). Downside risk. The Review of Financial Studies, 19(4), 1191-1239.
- Arnott, R. D., Harvey, C. R., Kalesnik, V., & Linnainmaa, J. T. (2019). The extraordinary world of factor investing. Financial Analysts Journal, 75(6), 12-29.
- Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (2018). BSP Financial Inclusion Survey. Retrieved from https://www.bsp.gov.ph/Statistics/FFIS_IA_IB_2017/ffis_ia_ib.htm
- Baumeister, R. F., Vohs, K. D., & Tice, D. M. (2007). The strength model of self-control. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(6), 351-355. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00534.
- Bobbio, A., Bellan, M., & Manganelli, A. M. (2013). Empowering leadership, perceived organizational support, trust, and job burnout for nurses: A study in an Italian general hospital. Health Care Management Review, 38(1), 77-87
- Bodie, Z., Kane, A., & Marcus, A. J. (2014). Investments (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
- Bogle, J. C. (2005). The mutual fund industry 60 years later: For better or worse? Financial Analysts Journal, 61(1), 16-31.
- Brown, B., Sober, R., & Soldo, B. (2020). Money attitudes, financial stress, and financial planning orientation: A typology of financial decision-makers. Financial Services Review, 29(2), 133-158.
- Bui, L., Turner, M., & Salyards, K. (2019). Factors influencing financial management and investment behaviors: A review of literature. Journal of Financial Planning, 32(5), 52-61.
- Chen, H., & Volpe, R. P. (2018). Examining the relationship between financial behaviors and financial well-being. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 29(1), 154-168.
- Chen, J. (2022, August 25). investopedia. Retrieved from investopedia.com: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/moneymanagement.asp
- Chinn, M. K., Bushouse, B. K., Martel, D., & Barnekow, K. (2019). Financial Literacy among Faculty at a Research University. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 40(3), 376-387.
- Chinn, L., Retting, R., Shaheen, S. A., & Wadud, Z. (2019). Commuting costs and household trade-offs: Evidence from California. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 123, 214-225. doi: 10.1016/j.tra.2019.02.006
- Christensen, L. (2018). Traditional savings accounts pay 1% –lower than inflation. Here’s a better option. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/advisor/saving/traditional-savings-accounts-pay-1-lower-than-inflation-heres-a-better-option/
- Chudzian, J. et al. (2015). Motives And Attitudes For Saving Among Young Georgians.Economics And Sociology,8(1), 169-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2015/8-1/13
- Commission on Higher Education. (2017). Pro-file and Wage Bill of the Higher Education Sector. Retrieved from http://www.ched.gov.ph/wp-con-tent/uploads/2017-National-Higher-Ed-ucation-Profile.pdf
- Commission on Higher Education. (2020). Sal-ary Structure of Faculty in SUCs. Retrieved from https://ched.gov.ph/wp-con-tent/uploads/2020/07/Salary-Structure-of-Faculty-in-SUCs.pdf
- Cohn, R. A., Lewellen, W. G., Lease, R. C., & Schlarbaum, G. G. (2010). Individual in-vestor risk aversion and investment port-folio composition. Financial Analysts Jour-nal, 37-43.
- Coomer, D. R., & Clune, W. H. (2018). The financial weight of the academy: exploring
- Cremers, M., Pareek, A., & Brown, D. R., & Greer, C. R. (2019). Fundamentals of personal financial planning. Oxford University Press.
- De la Cruz, M. P. (2019). Participatory Methods in the Paluwagan: A Reflection. In Community Development in Asia and the Pacific (pp. 95-112). Springer.
- Department of Education. (2019). Teacher wages in private schools higher than in public schools. Retrieved from https://www.de-ped.gov.ph/2019/12/02/teacher-wages-in-private-schools-higher-than-in-public-schools/
- Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (2010). Luck versus skill in the cross-section of mutual fund returns. The Journal of Finance, 65(5), 1915-1947.
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. (n.d.). Deposit insurance: What is FDIC insurance? Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://www.fdic.gov/deposit/deposits/.
- Focardi, S. M., Fabozzi, F. J., & Mitov, I. K. (2016). A practical guide to risk management. John Wiley & Sons.
- Fong, K., Chong, Y.-L., Chan, Y.-L., & Yap, S.-F. (2020). Exploring the Retirement Planning Behavior among Academics. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 12(3), 337–347. https://doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-02-2020-0036
- Frazzini, A., & Pedersen, L. H. (2014). Betting against beta. Journal of Financial Economics, 111(1), 1-25.
- Gabaix, X., & Laibson, D. (2020). Shrouded attributes, consumer myopia, and information suppression in competitive markets. Journal of Political Economy, 128(8), 3060-3083.
- Gage, N. A., Cho, Y., & Hein, S. F. (2020). Financial Insecurity among American Professors: A National Study. Social Currents, 7(5), 468-486.
- Gage, S., Sundstrom, B., Chun, S., Long, Z., Deng, Y., Galán, R. F., & Kording, K. (2020). Deep learning predicts spectrogram content based on musical pitch notation and vice versa. Scientific reports, 10(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71755-7.
- Galema, R., Plantinga, A., & Scholtens, B. (2008). The stocks at stake: Return and risk in socially responsible investment. Journal of Banking & Finance, 32(12), 2646-2654.
- Goldrick-Rab, S., & Kendall, N. (2016). Failing the Equity Test: College Affordability and the Burden of Student Debt on California's Low-Income Students. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 18(4), 389-404.
- Goss, A., Lee, T., & Masulis, R. W. (2018). The capitalization of environmental, social, and governance risks in stock prices. Journal of Financial Economics, 130(2), 492-510.
- Grawe, N. D., & Chung, K. (2020). Assessing Faculty Retirement Security and Workforce Frictions: Extrapolations from the Current Population Survey. Educational Researcher, 49(6), 435-445.
- Harms, L. (2022). Definition of Money Management. Retrieved from https://budgeting.thenest.com/definition-money-management-3391.html
- Hill, J. R., Ituma, A., & Amazue, L. O. (2019). Financial literacy and investment choice among university staff in the UK. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 24(2), 85-95.
- Hira, T. K., & Loibl, C. (2008). Factors affecting retirement investment decisions: Evidence from the 2004 Survey of Consumer Finances. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29(1), 133-149.
- Homan, A. (2016).The influence of parental financial teaching on saving and borrowing behavior(MSc. Finance). University of Groningen.HousingAnywhere. (2019). Philippines Rental Price Monitor. Retrieved from https://housinganywhere.com/rentals/philippines
- Hubbert, L., & Ziegler, R. (2017). Saving money in a money market account or savings account: What's the difference? Journal of Financial Planning, 30(4), 56-57.
- Hsu, J., Myers, B., & Whitby, R. (2020). ETFs: Buy-and-hold impact. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 46(1), 32-44.
- Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263-291.
- Jones, J. P., & Maxey, M. (2020). The struggle to survive: The campus food bank movement and contingent faculty in Illinois. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 30(1-2), 237-248.
- Kemp, L. (2020, August 18). Savings accounts have never been more important. Here's how to find the best one. CNBC. Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://www.cnbc.com/2020/08/18/savings-accounts-have-never-been-more-important-heres-how-to-find-the-best-one.html
- Kim, J., Braun, B., & Robb, C. A. (2019). Financial literacy, financial confidence, and financial behaviors. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 30(2), 223-236.
- Kumar, D., & Anand, K. (2018). Behavioral Analysis of Investment Decision-Making of Teaching Faculty Members: A Study of Indian Universities. The IUP Journal of Behavioral Finance, 15(1), 44-59.
- Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board. (2021). Fare Matrix. Retrieved from https://ltfrb.gov.ph/fare-matrix/
- Landrum, S. A. (2019, May 19). Late Paychecks: A Crisis for College Faculty. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved from https://www.insidehighered.com/
- Licciardi, I. S., Giambona, F., & Di Marco, L. (2020). Faculty members' indebtedness and the associated impact on their mental health: An empirical study. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 31(2), 272-282. doi: 10.1891/JFCP-19-00051.
- Mahdzan, N. et al. (2013). The Impact of Financial Literacy on Individual Saving: An Exploratory Study in the Malaysian Context.Transformations In Business And Economics,12(1), 42. Retrieved from http://www.transformations.knf.vu.lt/28/se28.pdf
- Malkiel, B. G. (2003). The efficient market Jacob, S. A., & McCallum, M. C. (2015). The need for financial education among faculty in higher education. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 3(4), 188-195. doi: 10.11114/jets.v3i4.969.
- Meredith, G. G., Thorne, L., & Zaima, J. K. (2016). Personal financial planning and retirement planning: Insights from academic research and models for advisors. Journal of Financial Planning, 29(1), 52-61.
- Mijatovic, I. (2018). The effects of financial literacy on financial management and saving behavior. Journal of Economics and Business, 1(2), 71-81.
- Milkman, K. L., Rogers, T., & Bazerman, M. H. (2011). I’ll have the ice cream soon and the vegetables later: A study of online grocery purchases and order lead time. Marketing Letters, 22(1), 61-72.
- Miller, K. M., & Harley, M. (2018). Financial literacy: An essential tool for informed consumer choice. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 23(1), 25-35.
- Merriam Webster. (n.d.). Piggy bank. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/piggy%20bank.
- Mishra, H. et al. (2013). Influence of motivated reasoning on saving and spending decisions.Elsevier,121(1), 1. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749597812001252
- National Education Association. (2019). Home. Retrieved from https://www.nea.org/.
- NetSuite. (2022, August 23). Retrieved from netsuite.com: https://www.netsuite.com/portal/resource/articles/financial-management/financial-management.shtml#:~:text=In%20business%2C%20financial%20management%20is,on%2Dthe%2Dground%20execution.
- Numbeo. (2021). Cost of Living in the Philippines. Retrieved from https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/country_result.jsp?country=.
- PhilippinesO'Connell, E., & Armistead, L. P. (2018). An exploratory study of the faculty financial well-being. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 29(1), 19-31.
- Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philip-pines. (2017, January 9). Modified Salary Schedule for Civilian Government Person-nel: CIVILIAN PERSONNEL. Retrieved https://www.officialga-zette.gov.ph/down-loads/2016/10oct/20161017-EO-201-RRD.pdf
- Overton, J. (2019). Traditional savings accounts
- Padilla, A., Frick, K., & Saridakis, C. (2018). Faculty Financial Compensation in Higher Education: Salary Equity and Modern Day Discrimination. International Journal of Educational Management, 32(2), 236-254.
- Padilla, A. M., Raimondi, S., & Diaz, B. (2018). Intergenerational transmission of perfectionism in Latinx families. Journal of Family Psychology, 32(2), 259-269. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000376
- Peng, G., & Gao, Q. (2019). Saving behavior of college students and influencing factors: A survey based on “double intervention” of guidance and policy. Journal of Xiamen University of Technology, 39(1), 81-86.
- Pinola, M. (2014). Why Saving Money Is So Hard, and How to Trick Yourself to Save More. Retrieved from https://lifehacker.com/why-saving-money-is-so-hard-and-how-to-trick-yourself-1496330306
- Roze, G. (2014). Definition of Money Management. Retrieved from https://stockcharts.com/articles/journal/2014/10/definition-of-money-management.html
- Sautner, Z. (2020). The wide-ranging impacts of ESG investing. Journal of Portfolio Management, 46(5), 14-33.
- Schwab. (2021). Investing basics: Why should you invest? Charles Schwab. Retrieved from https://www.schwab.com/investing/investing-basics/why-invest
- Snow, R. (2019). Investing your savings: Traditional vs modern methods.Investopedia. Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/articles/retirement/10/traditional-investing-methods.asp
- Sullivan, M. (2019). Stocks vs. savings accounts: Where should you put your money? The Balance. Retrieved from https://www.thebalance.com/stocks-vs-savings-accounts-357287
- Sun, J., Liu, Y., Qi, X., & Qiao, S. (2017). The impact of financial education on financial behaviors: Evidence from college students’ saving behavior. Journal of International Education Research, 13(2), 71-84.
- Timerga, G. et al. (2011).Statistical analysis of saving habits of employees: a case study at Debre Birhan Town in North Shoa, Ethiopia. Debre Birhan University.
- Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2013). The impact of job crafting on job demands, job resources, and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(2), 230-240.
- Wolinsky, J. (2018). The Importance Of Saving Money For Your Future. Retrieved from https://www.value-walk.com/2018/10/saving-money-tips/
- Woods, T. (2019). The 50/30/20 Rule for Budgeting. Retrieved from https://www.thebalance.com/the-50-30-20-rule-of-thumb-1289589
- World Bank (2019). The Philippines Economic Update -April 2019. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/31219/Philippines-Economic-Update-April-2019.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
- Yap, S.-F., & Tam, N. (2019). Savings and Retirement Planning among Young University Faculty Members in Malaysia. Journal of Personal Finance, 18(3), 59-68.
- Zhang, S., Gao, J., & Zhu, T. (2018). Financial education and college students’ saving behaviors: Empirical evidence from China. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 5(2), 53-60.