Solid Waste Generation and Characterization in a State University
Merhanna D. Pangandaman | Josua Meko B. Acabal | Cesar B. Anino Jr. | Gerald D. Apat
Discipline: environmental sciences
Abstract:
This study investigated the solid waste generation and characterization at Mindanao State
University (MSU) - Main Campus in Marawi City, addressing the critical issues of unsustainable waste
management practices. Despite the recent establishment of waste management facilities in Marawi City,
including a Central Material Recovery Facility (CMRF) and a Category 4 Sanitary Landfill (SLF), the campus
and much of the city need help with effective waste disposal. This has led to environmental challenges such
as clogged drainage systems, open dumping, and air pollution from waste burning. The study fills an
essential gap in solid waste generation and characterization data, which is crucial for effective solid waste
management (SWM) planning as mandated by the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (RA
9003). Using a descriptive-comparative research design, the study surveyed 216 units, including residential
buildings, rental properties, commercial establishments, and university facilities. The findings reveal that
the MSU-Main Campus generates 9438.011 kg of waste daily, with a per capita waste generation rate of
0.9371 kg/day— significantly higher than the national average. Residential buildings are the primary waste
generators, contributing nearly half of the total waste, followed by lodgings. Waste characterization reveals
a substantial proportion of non-biodegradable waste (38.29%), with biodegradable waste accounting for
35.46% of the total. These findings highlight the urgent need for systematic waste management strategies,
particularly focusing on waste segregation, recycling, and waste reduction to mitigate the environmental
impact on campus. The study provides a comprehensive data foundation for developing a solid waste
management plan and underscores the role of academic institutions in leading sustainable practices.
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