Evaluating the Efficacy of Varying Concentrations of Metarhizium anisopliae Against Bactrocera cucurvitae Under In-Vitro Conditions
Andal U. Salibo | Dwight L. Mendez | Musa M. Dicolano | Muslimin S. Usop | JN Mocktar K. Ebrahim | Jeanneflor S. Atong | Shiela Mae A. Dionaldo
Discipline: Physical Sciences (non-specific)
Abstract:
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium
anisopliae in controlling the cucurbit fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) under in-vitro conditions, addressing the
need for sustainable alternatives to chemical pesticides. The research focused on developing eco-friendly
pest management strategies to mitigate the economic losses caused by B. cucurbitae infestations in squash
cultivation. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was employed, testing five varying concentrations
of M. anisopliae spore solution. Each treatment was replicated four times, using 20 fruit flies per replicate.
The spore solutions were allocated for each treatment, and mortality rates, mummification times, and
toxicity levels were recorded. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and log-probit analysis, were used to
determine lethal concentrations and times for effective control. The results demonstrated a clear doseresponse
relationship, with higher spore concentrations leading to significantly higher mortality rates and
faster mummification times. A concentration of 6.0 × 10? Colony-Forming Unit CFU/mL was necessary for
substantial population suppression, with lethal concentrations for 50% and 99% mortality calculated as 2.65
× 10? (CFU)/mL and 1.38 × 10? CFU/mL, respectively. These findings suggest that M. anisopliae is an effective
biological control agent against B. cucurbitae, offering a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides. Further
research is recommended to assess its efficacy in field applications and to evaluate potential long-term
ecological impacts.
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