Employee Sustainable Intervention Program for the Department of Social Welfare and Development: The Case of Regional Office V
Jinky A. Mangampo
Discipline: human resource management
Abstract:
Human resource management faces rapid changes due to societal and technological shifts, impacting workplace dynamics. In the public sector, voluntary resignations disrupt service continuity and performance, challenging agencies like the Department of Social Welfare and Development Regional Office V (DSWD RO V) in the Philippines. This study addresses a critical gap in understanding and addressing employee turnover in public sector organizations by designing an intervention program focused on improving retention, job satisfaction, and workplace support in alignment with the agency’s mission of service excellence. The study used a mixed-method approach to collect data from surveys and interviews with DSWD RO V employees, management, and former staff. Results revealed key turnover drivers, including poor work-life balance, job insecurity, limited career growth, insufficient recognition, uneven workloads, and inadequate resources. The study recommends implementing integrated retention strategies to address these factors and promote a sustainable, employee-centered environment. The findings contribute significantly to the field by offering actionable solutions for public sector organizations facing similar challenges. Implementing these strategies will strengthen DSWD RO V’s workforce and enable it to achieve its mission more effectively. Furthermore, this study provides practical implications for organizational policy and enriches the broader discourse on human resource management in the public sector.
References:
- Afonso, P., Lazaro, J., & Oliveira, M. (2020). Contract workers in government settings: Career development pathways and employee intentions to leave. Public Administration Review, 80(2), 256-268. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13123
- Aguinis, H., & Kraiger, K. (2019). Benefits of training and development: The role of recognition and rewards. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 12(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2018.63
- Allen, T. D., Johnson, R. C., Kiburz, K. M., & Shockley, K. M. (2022). The role of leave in employee recovery and well-being. Journal of Business and Psychology, 37(3), 565-578. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-021-09851-0
- Amabile, T. M., & Pratt, M. G. (2018). The dynamic component model of creativity and innovation in organizations: Making progress, making meaning. Research in Organizational Behavior, 38, 75-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2018.11.002
- Baker, T. L., & Murphy, J. (2019). Financial incentives and timely reimbursements: Impact on employee morale and loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 102, 325-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.09.045
- Bedi, R., Alpaslan, A. H., & Green, S. (2018). Perceived ethical leadership and employee outcomes: The mediating role of trust in the leader. Journal of Business Ethics, 151(4), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3236-1
- Birou, L. S., Kearney, S. W., & Lee, J. (2019). The importance of targeted training programs in closing skills gaps. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 30(4), 431-450. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21332
- Blanchflower, D. G., & Bryson, A. (2022). The impact of pension plans on employee retention in the public sector. Journal of Labor Economics, 40(2), 275-302. https://doi.org/10.1086/714089
- Breaugh, J., Ritz, A., & Alfes, K. (2018). Work motivation and public service motivation: Disentangling varieties of motivation and job satisfaction. Public Management Brun, J.P., & Dugas, N. (2018). An analysis of employee recognition: How it impacts job satisfaction and motivation. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(5), 1037- 1057. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1221118
- Carter, S. M., Jones, L. T., & Lee, J. K. (2021). Connecting tasks to organizational goals: Enhancing employee motivation and commitment. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(3), 654-670. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2019.1574232
- Casper, W. J., Vaziri, H., Wayne, J. H., & Matthews, R. A. (2020). A review of work-life balance: A new perspective on employee well-being. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(8), 917-935. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000443
- Chatterjee, S., Bhattacharya, S., & Sharma, A. (2019). Factors affecting employees’ willingness to stay with an organization: The impact of workplace accessibility and commute length. Journal of Human Resource Management, 7(3), 27-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jhrm.20190703.11
- Cruz, L., & Ramirez, J. (2020). Sustainable HR practices for employee retention in government agencies. Philippine Journal of Public Administration, 64(2), 150-172. De Korte, K. A., & Frijters, P. (2020). The physical work environment: Its impact on employee well-being and productivity. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 25(1), 25-40. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000142
- Eisenberger, R., Malone, G. P., & Presson, W. D. (2019). Optimizing perceived organizational support to enhance employee engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(4), 491-502. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2350
- Gallup. (2022). Employee engagement and retention: The crucial role of feeling valued. Retrieved from https://www.gallup.com/engagementreport
- Ghani, B., Memon, K., Ullah, R., & Zada, M. (2022). Challenges and strategies for employee retention in the hospitality industry: A review. MDPI, 14(5), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052885
- Ghani, M. (2022). Understanding the dynamics of workplace satisfaction: A management perspective. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(1), 1-20. Green, F. (2018). Job insecurity, turnover and the demand for flexible labor in organizations. Journal of Labor Market Research, 50(1), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12651-018-0243-6
- Grote, G. (2020). The significance of timely and constructive feedback for employee satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(2), 189-205. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000461
- Handayani, P.F., & Joeliaty, J. (2023). The role of work-life balance, workplace discomfort behavior, psychological well-being and employee assistance program on job satisfaction. E-Jurnal Apresiasi Ekonomi, 11(2), 412-421. https://doi.org/10.31846/jae.v11i2.660
- Hur, H., & Hawley, J. (2020). Turnover behavior among US government employees. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 86(4), 641-642. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020852318823913
- Ishtiaq, M. (2019). Book review: Creswell, J.W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, SA: Sage. Canadian Center of Science and Education, 12(5), 40-41. https://doi.org/10.5539/ELT.V12N5P40
- Kumar, S., & Singh, A. (2020). The significance of a clear vision for organizational success: Implications for employee retention. Organizational Dynamics, 49(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2019.100719
- Kuvaas, B., Dysvik, A., & Buch, R. (2019). Non-monetary rewards, work motivation, and employee turnover: A psychological perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(3), 412- 425. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2348
- Lee, J., & Hwang, J. (2020). The role of alignment between individual roles and organizational objectives in job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(4), 315-329. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2442
- Li, J., Chen, Y., & Liu, Z. (2020). Growth opportunities and job satisfaction: How they influence employee retention. Personnel Psychology, 73(1), 101-121. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12366
- Liu, Y., Wang, M., & Li, X. (2020). Perceived unfairness in promotion practices and its impact on employee satisfaction and turnover intentions: A moderated mediation model. Human Resource Management Journal, 30(3), 342-359. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12268
- Luna-Arocas, R., & Morley, M. J. (2020). Career stagnation: The impact of hierarchical structures on turnover intentions. Human Resource Management Journal, 30(2), 195-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12269
- Maslach, C. (2021). Work overload and burnout in public administration. Public Administration Review, 81(2), 299-311. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13343 Masuda, A. D., Hama, Y., & Hozumi, T. (2018). The role of family support systems in employee retention: Insights from a study of workplace dynamics. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(16), 2345-2365. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2018.1478401
- McCarthy, M. J., O’Neill, J., & Whelan, S. (2020). The role of recognition in employee engagement: A study on the effects of personalized recognition. Employee Relations, 42(5), 1000-1015. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-06-2019-0307
- Medaris, J. (2023). Access to career development programs: A management perspective. Human Resource Management Journal, 33(1), 47-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12329
- Men, L. R., & Yue, Z. (2019). The impact of leadership communication on employee satisfaction and turnover. Journal of Communication Management, 23(4), 321-335. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-09-2018-0091
- Meyer, J. P., Becker, T. E., & Van Dick, R. (2021). The impact of a strong sense of belonging on employee retention and job satisfaction: A comprehensive review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42(7), 980-999. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2505
- Millan, J. M., Nussbaum, A. D., & Kubiak, T. (2020). Competitive salaries and their impact on employee satisfaction and retention. Human Resource Management, 59(4), 333-346. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22013
- Mullen, J., & Kahn, W. (2018). Coaching and mentorship in fostering employee engagement: A qualitative study. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, 12(1), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.24384/000466
- Nitafan, R. (2020). Employee silence, organizational commitment, and job burnout of regular employees in local government units in the Cotabato province, Philippines: A keystone for intervention. International Journal of English and Literature, 5(6), 1932-1948. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.56.20
- Ng, T., Yim, F., Chen, H., & Zou, Y. (2022). Employer-sponsored career development practices and employee performance and turn-over: A meta-analysis. Journal of Management, 50(2), https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063221125143
- Nguyen, D., & McGuire, S. (2021). The role of sufficient resources in employee performance: A public sector perspective. International Public Management Journal, 24(3), 384-408. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2020.1815612
- Ozdemir, I. (2024). Employee development and turnover intention: A meta-analytical review. Open Peer Review on Qeios, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.32388/PQVBRW Park, H., & Wang, L. (2019). The role of peer recognition in enhancing employee morale and engagement. Psychological Reports, 123(3), 943-961. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294118823246
- Rana, N. P., & Sharma, R. (2022). The role of personalized recognition in enhancing employee engagement and reducing turnover. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(5), 847-867. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2020.1828049
- Ramamoorthy, S. (2022). Towards a new paradigm. NHRD Network Journal, 15 (3), 307-315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26314541221088045
- Reddy, M. C., Prasad, K. S., & Gupta, A. (2020). The role of adequate resources in employee retention: Insights from the service industry. Journal of Business Research, 117, 265-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.029
- Saks, A. M., & Gruman, J. A. (2021). What do we know about employee engagement? A meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42(1), 32-57. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2491
- Schoeman, D., & Pienaar, J. (2023). Resource limitations in public administration: Effects on employee performance and satisfaction. Public Administration Review, 83(1), 120-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13428
- Scussiato, L. A., Peres, A. M., Tominaga, L. B. L., & de Lima, K. D. C. (2019). Factors causing dissatisfaction among nurses in the private hospital context. Revista Mineira de Enfermagem (REME), 23, e-1222. https://www.semanticscholar.org/reader/a87d4423f37c9beb8978e11c684e13aa721073da
- Sharma, V. (2020). Conceptual framework of employee and organization related variables: A review and synthesis of literature. Ramanujan International Journal of Business and Research, 189-201. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355171129
- Singh, D. (2019). A literature review on employee retention with focus on recent trends. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 6(1), 425-431. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331306592
- Smith, T., & Lewis, L. (2020). Aligning job roles with individual skills: Implications for employee fulfillment and productivity. Journal of Business Psychology, 35(4), 549-562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-019-09657-y
- Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. (2021). Recovery from job stress: The role of time and space in the effectiveness of stress management programs. Stress and Health, 37(2), 293-302. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2934
- Waizenegger, L., McKenna, B., Cai, W., & Bendz, T. (2020). An affordance perspective of team collaboration and enforced working from home during COVID-19. European Journal of Information Systems, 29(4), 429-442. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085X.2020.1800417
- Wall, J. A., & Dunne, T. C. (2022). The impact of conflict resolution practices on employee retention: A study of workplace dynamics. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 66(4), 456-478. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220027211026128
- Williams, J. R., Housman, M., & Allen, J. (2019). Connecting recognition to organizational outcomes: Clarifying employee roles in achieving success. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(4), 453-467. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2351
- Zatzick, C. D., & Iverson, R. D. (2019). Job insecurity and employee engagement: The mediating role of workplace safety. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(1), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000081
- Zhenjing, L., Wang, Y., & Chen, F. (2022). The impact of a conducive work environment on employee satisfaction and performance. Journal of Business and Psychology, 37(3), 627-643. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-021-09701-0
- Zoghbi-Manrique-de-Lara, P. (2020). Perceived unfairness and its impact on employee morale and turnover intentions: A cross-sectional study. Employee Relations, 42(4), 803-817. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-06-2019-022
Full Text:
Note: Kindly Login or Register to gain access to this article.
ISSN 2984-8385 (Online)
ISSN 2984-8288 (Print)