Home⇛Annals of Tropical Research⇛vol. 38 no. 1 (2016)

Growth Performance Of Abaca (Musa Textilis Née) Integrated In Multi-Strata Agroecosystems

Marlito Jose M. Bande | Victor B. Asio | Joachim Sauerborn | Volker Römheld

 

Abstract:

Abaca is a shade loving crop with a good potential to be integrated into agroforestry systems that offer sources of income and prevent soil erosion. However, in integrating abaca into multi-strata agroecosystems, one has to consider radiation interception and the efficiency with which radiation energy is used to produce photosynthates since these play a crucial role in the growth of tree-crop stands. Hence, this study investigated the best shade plant-abaca combination and its influence on light transmission ratio in relation to the abaca's morphological growth performance. The results revealed that the light intensity under the canopy shade of coconuts is sufficient for the growth of abaca plants. On the other hand, Rainforestation (the planting of native tree species to rehabilitate degraded lands) appeared to be an effective approach in restoring the functions of an abaca-based agroecosystem by improving soil quality suitable for the crop. Therefore, the tree-abaca under the Rainforestation system was the best combination. However, the sustainability of both production systems always lies on the hands of the farmers, either to cut or harvest the trees or old coconut palms for lumber or to preserve them for ecological purposes by providing shade and wind breaks for the abaca plants. Finally, due to high planting density in both types of abaca-based agroecosystems, fertilizer application and the use of high quality planting materials are highly recommended. Likewise, topography and exposure to strong winds should be considered during site selection prior to abaca-based production system development.



References:

  1. AKHTER, N., M.M. RAHMAN, M. HASANUZZAMAN, and K. NAHAR.2009. Physiological response of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) grown under different light environment. Botany Research International 2(4), 304-309.
  2. ALLEN, C.B., R.E. WILL, R.C. MCGARVEY, D.R. COYLE, and M.D. COLEMAN. 2004. Radiation-use efficiency and gas exchange responses to water and nutrient availability in irrigated and fertilized stands of sweetgum and sycamore. Tree Physiology 25, 191-200.
  3. ARMECIN, R.B., and F.M. GABON. 2008. Biomass, organic carbon and mineral matter contents of abaca (Musa textilis Neè) at different stages of growth. Industrial Crops and Products 28, 340-345.
  4. ARMECIN, R.B., W.C. COSICO, and R.B. BADAYOS. 2011. Characterization of the different abaca-based agro-ecosystems in Leyte, Philippines. Journal of Natural Fibers 8, 111-125.
  5. ASIO, V.B 1996. Characteristics, weathering, formation and degradation of soils from volcanic rocks in Leyte, Philippines. Hohenheimer Bodenkundliche Hefte 33, Germany
  6. ASIO, V.B., R. JAHN, K. STAHR, and J. MARGRAF. 1998. Soils of the tropical forests of Leyte, Philippines II: impact of different land uses on status of organic matter and nutrient availability, in: Schulte, A., Ruhiyat, D., (Ed.), Soils of tropical forest ecosystems: characteristics, ecology and management, Springer, Berlin, pp. 37-44
  7. BALSTER, N.J., and J.D. MARSHALL. 2000. Eight-year responses of light interception, effective leaf area index, and stemwood production in fertilized stands of interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca). Can. J. For. Res. 30,733-743.
  8. BANDE M.B., J. GRENZ, V.B. ASIO, and J. SAUERBORN. 2012. Nutrient uptake and fiber yield of abaca (Musa textilis var. Laylay) as affected by shade, irrigation and fertilizer application. Annals of Tropical Research. 34(1)1-24(2012).
  9. BANDE M.B., J. GRENZ, V.B. ASIO, and J. SAUERBORN. 2013a. Fiber yield and quality of abaca (Musa textilis var. Laylay) grown under different shade conditions, water and nutrient management. Industrial Crops and Products. 42 (2013) 70-77.
  10. BANDE M.B., J. GRENZ, V.B. ASIO, and J. SAUERBORN. 2013b. Morphological and physiological response of Abaca (Musa textilis var. Laylay) to shade, irrigation and fertilizer application at different stages of plant growth. International Journal of AgriScience. 3(2), 157-175.
  11. BATUGAL, P.A., P. TABORA JR., L.O. NAMUCO, and J.U. SAJISE. 1977. Response of abaca to shading. NSDB Tech J4(1), 61-64.
  12. BJÖRKMAN, O., and P. HOLMGREN. 1966. Photosynthetic adaptation to light intensity in plants native to shaded and exposed habitats. Physiol. Plant. 19, 854-889.
  13. BOARDMAN, N.K. 1977. Comparative photosynthesis of sun and shade plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 28, 355-377.
  14. COOMBS, J. 1985. Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis 2nd Edition. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  15. COPELAND, E.B. 1911. Abaca. The Philipp Agricltrst Forester 1, 70-78.
  16. DARGANTES, B.B. 1996. Socio-ecological case studies on forest lands cultivation in Leyte, Philippines. PLITS 1996/14(2) Germany
  17. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT and NATURAL RESOURCES. 1997. Sustainable livelihood options for the Philippines. Upland Ecosystem Information Kit. Quezon City, Philippines
  18. DURIYAPRAPAN, S., and E.J. BRITTEN. 1982. The effects of solar radiation on plant growth, oil yield and oil quality of Japanese mint. Journal of Experimental Botany 33(137), 1319-1324.
  19. ECKSTIEN, K. 1994. Physiological Responses of Banana (Musa AAA: Cadavish subgroup) in the Subtropics. Inaugural Dissertation. Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 203 pp.
  20. FIBER DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY. 2010. Statistical bulletin for the fiber industry 2008 edition. DA-FIDA, Quezon City, Philippines
  21. GARNICA, A.M. 1997. Mineral Nutrient Deficiency in Plantain. Margraf Verlag, Germany, 112 pp.
  22. GREEN, G.C. 1963. Fungi associated with crown rot of boxed bananas. Phytophatology, 271-275
  23. HALOS, S.C. 2008. The abaca. Department of Agriculture, Quezon City, Philippines
  24. HOLMGREN, P. 1968. Leaf factors affecting light-saturated photosynthesis in ecotypes of Solidago_virgaurea_from exposed and shaded habitats. Physiol. Plant. 21,676-698.
  25. ISAAC, M.E., V.R. TIMMER, and S.J. QUASHIE-SAM. 2007. Shade tree effects in an 8-year-old cocoa agroforestry system: biomass and nutrient diagnosis of Theobroma cacao by vector analysis. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, Springer Science-Business Media, B.V. 10705-006-9081-3
  26. ISRAELI, Y., Z. PLAUT, and A. SCHWARTZ. 1994. Effect of shade on banana morphology, growth and production. Scientia Horticulturae 62, 45-56.
  27. IUSS Working Group WRB (2006) World reference base for soil resources. World soil resources reports no. 103, FAO, Rome
  28. JAHN, R., H.P. BLUME, V.B. ASIO and P. SCHAD. 2006. Guidelines for Soil Description (4th ed.). FAO, Rome.
  29. KEMANIAN, A.R., C.O. STÖCKLE, and D.R. HUGGINS. 2004. Variability of barley radiation-use efficiency. Crop Sci. 44, 1662-1672.
  30. LACUNA-RICHMAN, C. 2002. The Role of abaca (Musa textilis) in the household economy of a forest village. Small-scale forest economics, management and policy 1(1), 93-101.
  31. LAHAV, E. 1996. Banana nutrition. In S. Gowen (ed). Banana and Plantains. Published by Chapman and Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London, SE1 8HN UK, 316:258-316
  32. MONTIENT, J.L. 1973. Principles of environmental physics. Edwards Arnold, London.
  33. MORENO, L.O. 1994. Economic feasibility of intercropping selected abaca variety with annual crops in flat open lands. The Philipp J Crop Sci. 19 (Suppl No.1): S12
  34. NAIR, P.K.R. 1979. Intensive multiple cropping with coconuts in India, Principles, programmes and prospects. Advances in Agronomy and Crop Science. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin und Hamburg, 147 pp.
  35. NELLIAT, E.V., K.V.A. BAVAPPA, and P.K.R. NAIR. 1974. Multistoreyed cropping - new dimension of multiple cropping in coconut plantation. World crops 26, 262-266
  36. NOBEL, P.S., and S.P. LONG. 1985. Canopy structure and light interception. In: Coombs, J. et. al. (eds). Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis 2nd Edition. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  37. RAVEH, E., S. COHEN, T. RAZ, D. YAKIR, A. GRAVA, and E.E. GOLDSCHMIDT. 2003. Increased growth of young citrus trees under reduced radiation load in a semi-arid climate. Journal of Experimental Botany 54(381), 365-373.
  38. ROBINSON, J.C. and J.P. BOWER. 1988. Transpiration from banana leaves in the subtropics in response to diurnal and seasonal factors and high evaporative demand. Scientia Horticultura, 129-143
  39. SAIFUDDIN, M., A.M.B. HOSSAIN, and O. NORMANIZA. 2010. Impacts of shading on flower formation and longevity, leaf chlorophyll and growth of Bougainvillea glabra. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 9 (1), 20-27.
  40. SAS. 2003. The SAS Systems for Windows. SAS Institute, Inc. Cary, North Carolina, USA.
  41. SCHACHTSCHABEL, P. 1992. Lehrbuch der Bodenkunde. Enke, Stuttgart.
  42. SCHLICHTING, E., H.P. BLUME, and K. STAHR. 1995. Bodenkundliches Praktikum. (2. Auflage) Blackwell, Berlin, 295 pp.
  43. SOIL CONSERVATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA 1982. Resource Conservation Glossary, third ed., SCSA, Iowa
  44. SIEVERT, E.P. 2009. The Story of Abaca: Manila hemp’s transformation from textile to marine cordage and specialty paper. Ateneo de Manila University Press, Quezon City, Philippines
  45. SPENCER, J.E. 1953. The abaca plant and its fiber (Manila hemp). Econ Bot. 7(3), 195-213.
  46. SIMMONDS, N.W. 1959. Ensete cultivation in the southern highlands of Ethiopia, a review on Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad, 302-7
  47. STANHILL, G., and S. COHEN. 2001. Global dimming: a review of the evidence for a widespread and significant reduction in global radiation with discussion of its probable causes and possible agricultural consequences. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 107, 255-278.
  48. STOVER, R.H. 1984. Canopy management in Valery and Grand Nain using leaf area index and photosynthetically active radiation measurements. Fruits 39, 89-93
  49. TABORA, P.C., Jr. 1978. Historical Background. In: The Abaca. International Documentation Center on Abaca, University of the Philippines at Los Baños Library College, Laguna, Philippines, 135 pp.
  50. TABORA, P.C., and R. SANTOS. 1978. Soil and climate for abaca production. In: The Abaca. International Documentation Center on Abaca, University of the Philippines at Los Baños Library College, Laguna, Philippines, 63:60-63
  51. UMALI D.L, and J.L. BREWBAKER. 1956. Abaca and its improvement. The Philipp Agricltrst. 40 (5-6), 213-230.

Tools


Copyright © 2025  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic