HomePsychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journalvol. 42 no. 10 (2025)

Mixed Methods Insights: Graduate Students’ Views and Experiences on Blended Learning

Michael Angelo A. Legarde

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

Blended learning has emerged as a transformative educational approach, yet understanding graduate students' perceptions and experiences remains underexplored. Given the increasing prevalence of blended learning in higher education, understanding these perspectives is vital for enhancing instructional design and improving student outcomes. This study employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design by first collecting quantitative data through a survey questionnaire, utilizing a stratified sampling technique to assess graduate students' perceptions of blended learning, followed by qualitative focus group discussions (FGD) with purposive sampling to gain deeper insights into their experiences and the contextual factors influencing those perceptions. Findings indicate that students show a strong personal interest in coursework (x?=3.32), enhancing engagement and academic performance, while the flexibility of blended learning helps them balance commitments (x?=3.34) and fosters self-directed learning. However, a need for more relevant and stimulating assignments (x?=2.58) is evident, highlighting the necessity for continuous content adaptation to sustain motivation. Conversely, the qualitative phase provided deeper insights, revealing that students appreciate quick access to materials and improved time management, enhancing their efficiency. Despite a generally positive attitude towards blended formats, concerns about the quality and enjoyment of course materials emerged, alongside challenges in promoting ownership of learning and maintaining discipline. Engagement levels were favorable, but issues with participation and connections among peers and instructors require attention. By prioritizing the enhancement of course content, fostering collaborative opportunities, and supporting self-regulation strategies, educators can markedly improve student satisfaction and academic success in blended learning contexts.



References:

  1. Abel, J. A. (2020). Learning from the problems and challenges in blended learning: Basis for faculty development and program enhancement. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(2), 112–132. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4292631
  2. Acosta, M. L., Sisley, A., Ross, J., Brailsford, I., Bhargava, A., Jacobs, R., & Anstice, N. (2018). Student acceptance of e-learning methods in the laboratory class in Optometry. PloS one, 13(12), e0209004.
  3. Ali, W. (2021). Online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Students’ perspectives. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 8(2), 135-145. https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.509.2021.82.135.145
  4. Almaiah, M. A., Al-Khasawneh, A. I., & Althunibat, A. (2020). Exploring the impact of e-learning on students’ performance in higher education: A case study of Jordan. Education and Information Technologies, 25(6), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10321
  5. Asio, J. M. R., Gadia, E., Abarintos, E., Paguio, D., & Balce, M. (2021). Internet Connection and learning device availability of college students: Basis for Institutionalizing flexible learning in the new Normal. Studies in Humanities and Education, 2(1), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.48185/she.v2i1.224
  6. Bayron, A. (2023). Teachers’ Challenges on Self-directed Modular Distance Learning (SML): Basis for extension Program development. Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(05), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i05.101
  7. Bordeos, M. L., Lagman, K. R. M., & Cruz, I. P. S. (2022). Students in the new normal: their experiences in the pandemic’s limited Face-to-Face classes. American Journal of Education and Technology, 1(3), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajet.v1i3.979
  8. Caña, M. K., & Castolo, C. (2020). Collaborative learning in the Philippines: Implications for instructional design. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 157-170.
  9. Cao, W. (2023). A meta-analysis of effects of blended learning on performance, attitude, achievement, and engagement across different countries. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1212056
  10. Castro-Rodríguez, M., Marín-Suelves, D., López-Gómez, S., & Rodríguez-Rodríguez, J. (2021). Mapping of Scientific Production on Blended Learning in Higher Education. Education Sciences, 11(9), 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090494
  11. Chandra, R. (2023). Blended way of learning in early years: Approaching an era of unified opportunities in learning. GNOSI: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Human Theory and Praxis, 6(1), 51-61.
  12. Chen, C., Su, S., Lin, Y., & Sun, C. (2023). The effect of Time Management and Help-Seeking in Self-Regulation-Based Computational Thinking learning in Taiwanese primary school students. Sustainability, 15(16), 12494. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612494
  13. Creswell, J. W. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. 
  14. Del-Pilar, M. R., & Andal E. D. (2022). Student’s online engagement using an idea exemplar: A direction towards the level of competency in the performing arts of grade 10 physical education students. International Journal of Research Publications, 105(1), 782-810. https://doi.org/10.47119/IJRP1001051720223702
  15. Devi, B., Sharma, C., & Lepcha, N. (2021). Blended learning - a global solution in the age of COVID-19. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 125–136. https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i41b32351
  16. Diabat, O. M. A., & Aljallad, M. Z. (2020). The Effectiveness of Employing Blended Learning on Sixth-grade Students’ Achievements and Reflective Thinking Skills Development in Islamic Education in the United Arab Emirates. Multicultural Education, 6(5).
  17. Dumford, A. D., & Miller, A. L. (2018). Online learning in higher education: A review of the literature. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 47(1), 5-29. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239517711670
  18. Gaol, F. L., & Hutagalung, F. (2020). The trends of blended learning in South East Asia. Education and Information Technologies, 25(2), 659–663. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10140-4
  19. Garcia, S. (2022). Blended Learning Education: The Effectiveness of New Ways of Teaching and Learning in Enhancing Students’ Academic Achievement. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 5(5), 348-355. https://10.5281/zenodo.7273062
  20. Groen, J., Ghani, S., Germain-Rutherford, A., & Taylor, M. (2020). Institutional adoption of Blended Learning: analysis of an initiative in action. The Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.5206/cjsotl-rcacea.2020.3.8288
  21. Han, X. (2023). Evaluating blended learning effectiveness: an empirical study from undergraduates’ perspectives using structural equation modeling. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1059282
  22. Hollister, B., Nair, P., Hill-Lindsay, S., & Chukoskie, L. (2022). Engagement in Online Learning: Student attitudes and behavior during COVID-19. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.851019
  23. Kangwa, D., Msafiri, M. M., Wan, X., & Fute, A. (2024). Enhancing student engagement in online education: the role of self-regulation and teacher support in Zambia. Discover Education, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00216-5
  24. Liu, Y., Ma, S., & Chen, Y. (2024). The impacts of learning motivation, emotional engagement and psychological capital on academic performance in a blended learning university course. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1357936
  25. Mcgee, E. & Poojary, P. (2020). Exploring blended learning relationships in higher education using a systems-based framework. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 21(4), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.803343
  26. Mendoza, M. C. (2022). Blended Learning Attitudes and Perceptions Toward Blended Learning: The Case of Cagayan State University. AIDE Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 2(1).
  27. Mobo, F. D., Garcia, A. L. R., & Talosig, J. C. (2022). Challenges in hyflex learning in zambales, philippines. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 3(10), 2150-2153. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.03.10.27
  28. Pedroso, J. P., Tubola, L. A., Mamon, E. M., & Sencida, M. (2022). Google meet: An online platform for class discussion. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 3(6), 3984-3994.
  29. Poth, C., & Munce, S. E. P. (2020). Commentary—Preparing today’s researchers for a yet unknown tomorrow: Promising practices for a synergistic and sustainable mentoring approach to mixed methods research learning. International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches, 12(1), 56-64. doi: 10.29034/ijmra.v12n1commentary
  30. Pregoner, J. D. M., & Baguio, J. B. (2024). Learning Strategies and Readiness towards Blended learning in English Subjects as Predictors of Students’ Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 50(4), 170–184. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2024/v50i41321
  31. Quitián-Bernal, S. P., & González-Martínez, J. (2022). Collaborative strategies for designing blended learning environments in reading. Enunciación, 27(2), 266–288. https://doi.org/10.14483/22486798.19998
  32. Sadeghi, A. (2019). The role of self-regulation in online learning: A review of the literature. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0170-8
  33. Sagun, D. J. B., Pawilen, G. T., Paccarangan, S. J. C., Albor, R. G. Z., Patindol, H. L., Almeda, P. P., & Pelegrina, D. V. (2024). Assessing the complex operation of blended learning for English instruction in a public high school in the Philippines. IJORER International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 5(3), 639–655. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i3.596
  34. Santiago, C. J., Ulanday, M. L., Centeno, Z. J., Bayla, M. C., & Callanta, J. (2021). Flexible learning adaptabilities in the new normal: E-learning resources, digital meeting platforms, online learning systems and learning engagement. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 16(2), 1-10.
  35. Saro, J., Cuasito, R., Doliguez, Z., Maglinte, F., & Pableo, R. (2022). Teaching competencies and coping mechanisms among the selected public primary and secondary schools in Agusan del Sur Division: Teachers in the new Normal Education. Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7023992
  36. Schand, K & Farrelly, S.G. (2018). The art of blending: benefits and challenges of a blended course for preservice teachers. Journal of Educators Online.
  37. Thai, N. T., De Wever, B., & Valcke, M. (2020). A review of the impact of online learning on students’ engagement and performance. Computers & Education, 148, 103788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103788
  38. Toquero, C. M. (2020). Emergency remote education experiment amid COVID-19 pandemic. IJERI International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation, 15, 162–176. https://doi.org/10.46661/ijeri.5113
  39. Villanueva, J. a. R., Redmond, P., Galligan, L., & Eacersall, D. (2023). Investigating blended learning interactions in Philippine schools through the community of inquiry framework. Asia Pacific Education Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-023-09826-4
  40. Vilo, A. M. E., & Taha, H. S. (2023). Effectiveness on the use of Blended Learning Approach (BLA): Its implications on the students’ performance. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Business and Education Research, 4(1), 214–221. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.01.20
  41. Widodo, W., & Hidayati, N. (2020). Time management and academic performance: A study of undergraduate students. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 13(1), 1-12.
  42. Zavaraki, E. Z., & Schneider, D. (2019). Blended learning approach for students with special educational needs: A Systematic Review. Journal of Education & Social Policy, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.30845/jesp.v6n3p12