Home⇛Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal⇛vol. 45 no. 1 (2025)

Challenges and Opportunities of PSE Majors and Non-PSE Majors Teaching Practical Skills Education Subject in the Schools Division of Passi City: Bases for Policy Enhancement

Julius Alfred An

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

This study employed a descriptive research method to examine the problems and chances faced by Practical Skills Education (PSE) of intermediate teachers in Elementary Schools, Division of Passi City. A total of 30 randomly selected TLE teachers participated as respondents. Data were gathered using a survey questionnaire to assess the various problems and chances encountered in teaching the subject. Results revealed that the overall mean score for challenges was 3.92, with a standard deviation of 0.43 at a 95% confidence level, indicating minimal error. Meanwhile, opportunities had a higher mean score of 4.21, with a standard deviation of 0.44, suggesting a strong presence of opportunities to address the identified challenges. The most prominent challenges identified were the lack of necessary materials and equipment, as well as the diversity of learners requiring appropriate teaching strategies. Conversely, the most significant opportunities included teachers' participation in curriculum design and regular curriculum mapping to align specialized subjects with teachers' areas of expertise. To enhance policy development, school leaders are encouraged to formulate policies that improve learner performance by addressing existing challenges while leveraging available opportunities. These measures may contribute to the continuous development and improvement of the PSE curriculum in the Schools Division of Passi City.



References:

  1. Abella, C. R. G., & De Jesus, F. S. (2021). Teaching outside specialization from the perspective of science teachers. Open Access Library Journal, 8(2), 1-13.
  2. Adamson, B., DiFilippo, K., Frasca, E., & Clarke, C. V. (2023). Using autoethnographic writing to teach critical thinking in health behavior theory courses. Pedagogy in Health Promotion, 9(4), 258–264. https://doi.org/10.1177/23733799231174247
  3. Ancheta, R., & Ancheta, H. (2020). The current reality in learning: A problem with the exclusive primary learning schools in the Philippines. Universal Publication of School Supervision and Growth,1(1). Recovered from https://iiari.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/The-Current-Reality-in-Learning1.pdf 
  4. Anderson, R. E. (2008). possible consequence of data and cognitive society for learning. In J. Voogt & G. Knezek (Eds.), International handbook of information technology in primary and secondary education (pp. xxx-xxx). Springer.
  5. Areza, J. A. (2020). Degree of someone’s ability in practical skills education 6 in Sorsogon City division. International Journal of Scientific Research, 206(301), 25510. https://doi.org/10.21275/SR20630125510
  6. Badghis, S., Shaik, A. S., Sahore, N., Srivastava, S., & Masood, A. (2024). Can transactionally use of AI have
  7. Barcelona, K. E. P., Daling, B. A. J., Doria, P., Balangiao, S. J., Mailes, M. J., Chiang, P. M., & Ubatay, D. (2023). Challenges and opportunities of practical skills education teachers in Philippine public schools: An inquiry. British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies, 4(4), 44–60. https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0247
  8. Blanca, A. (2019). Effective strategies in teaching practical skills education to selected grade 9 students in Batangas National High School. Ascendens Asia Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 3(2D).
  9. Blanca, A. (2019). Effective strategies in teaching practical skills education to selected grade 9 students in  Batangas National High School. Ascendens Asia Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 3(2D).
  10. Bonsack, C., Favrod, J., Berney, A., Sohrmann, M., Frobert, L., & Nguyen, A. (2024). Stand-up-comedy inspired experiential learning for connecting emotions and cognitions in healthcare education: A pilot study. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 61(2), 385–397.
  11. Calanog, M. C. (2019). Problems in teaching hands-on learning areas of practical skills education using teaching methods. Semantic Scholar. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:221361625
  12. Chen, P. H., Ho, H. W., Chen, H. C., Tam, K. W., Liu, J. C., & Lin, L. F. (2024). Virtual reality experiential learning improved undergraduate students’ knowledge and evaluation skills relating to assistive technology  for older adults and individuals with disabilities. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), 101.
  13. Chen, Y., Daamen, T. A., Heurkens, E. W., & Verheul, W. J. (2020). Multi-disciplinary and practical education in city improvement governance education. Universal Publication of Design and Technology integration Learning, 30, 919–936
  14. Chugh, R., & Ruhi, U. (2018). Social media in higher education: A literature review of Facebook. Education and Information Technologies, 23(2), 605–616.
  15. controlled voice assistants for service delivery pickup pace soon? social learning theory (SLT) perspective.
  16. Crawford, J., Butler-Henderson, K., Rudolph, J., & Glowatz, M. (2020). COVID-19: 20 nations’ elevated learning during the phase of online method automated reactions. Publication of Applied Instruction and Knowledge Acquisition (JALT), 3(1), 9–28.
  17. Dela Fuente, J. A. (2019). Motivating factor of learners’ preference in focusing Science: A science learning condition in the Philippines outlook. The Normal Lights, 13(2), 225-250.
  18. Dodgers, S., Cordoba, S., & Coe, J. (2023). Examining the role of childhood experiences in gender identity and expression: An interpretative phenomenological analysis using social learning theory. Gender Issues, 40(2–4), 255–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12147-023-09314-4
  19. Egan, J. D., Tolman, S., McBrayer, J. S., & Ballesteros, E. (2023). Reconceptualizing Kolb’s learning cycle as episodic & lifelong. Experiential Learning and Teaching in Higher Education, 6(1), 2433. https://doi.org/10.46787/elthe.v6i1.3607
  20. Estribor, J., & Pagaran, C. R. (2022). Academic participation in cuisine and drinks assistance (FBS) learners of Matanao National Secondary Institution during COVID-19 pandemic. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4032996
  21. Ghavifekr, S., Abd Razak, A. Z., Ghani, M. F. A., Ran, N. Y., Meixi, Y., & Tengyue, Z. (2014). ICT integration in education: Incorporation for teaching & learning improvement. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology (MOJET), 2(2), 24-46.
  22. Ghavifekr, S., Afshari, M., & Salleh, A. (2012). Management strategies for the e-learning system as the core component of systemic change: A qualitative analysis. Life Science Journal, 9(3), 2190-2196.
  23. Godber, K. A., & Atkins, D. R. (2021, July). COVID-19 results on knowledge acquisition and education: A collective self-study by two higher learning instructors. Frontiers in Education, 6, 647524. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.647524
  24. Gregorio, E. (2016). Practical skills education instruction of skill-based education and different public secondary learning institutions in Catanduanes. Universal Publication of Knowledge Acquisition, Mentoring and Academic Study, 15(4). https://www.ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/view/671
  25. Harina, F. (2019). Educational efficacy of practical skills learning mentors in government high school learning institution of area iii, division of Batangas: Foundation for improvement scheme. Ascendens Asia Publication of Inter-Disciplinary Study Outline, 3(2E).
  26. Harris, A., & Jones, M. S. (2017). Experienced education societies: A method for institution and framework enhancement? Wales Publication of Learning, 19(1), 16-38. https://doi.org/10.16922/wje.19.1.2 
  27. Hobbs, L. (2015). Excessive number of Educators impart beyond their specialization. Collected from https://theconversation.com/too-many-teachers-teach-outside-their-area-of-expertise-39688 
  28. Jesse Lewis Prefer Romantic Engagement Plan. (2019). Instructor Handbook. https://www.jesselewischooselove.org/curriculum-downloads/ 
  29. Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2005). Learning styles and learning spaces: Enhancing experiential learning in higher education. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 4(2), 193–212. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2005.1726856
  30. Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development (Vol. 1). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  31. Leary, M. P., & Sherlock, L. A. (2020). Service-learning or internship: A mixed-methods evaluation of experiential learning pedagogies. Education Research International, 2020, 1683270. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1683270
  32. Legarde, M. A. A., & Sumandal, A. H. (2022). Students’ level of engagement in learning technology and livelihood education in the new normal. Education, 6(3).
  33. Li, S., Hong, Y.-C., & Craig, S. D. (2023). Systematic literature review of social learning theory in online learning environments. Educational Psychology Review, 35(4), 108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09827-
  34. Li, S., Hong, Y.-C., & Craig, S. D. (2023). Systematic literature review of social learning theory in online learning environments. Educational Psychology Review, 35(4), 108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09827-0
  35. Mabanglo, J. D. (2021). Learning experiences during pandemic of grade one pupils at Anabu II Elementary School: Basis for continuity plan of action for implementing alternative learning activities. I DREAM  Research Journal, 59.
  36. Mangubat, N., Bucotot, M. C., Salatan, J., Tolentin, J.,Villanueva, M. A. F., Lumangtad, S., ... & Cabello, C. (2022). The practical skills learning in modular learning: A Non-numerical study. Psychology and  Education: A Collaborative Bulletin, 4(2), 121-136.
  37. Marini, S., et al. (2018). Automated estimate of fish abundance through the autonomous imaging device GUARD1. Measurement, 126, 72–75.
  38. McLeod, S. (2019). Constructivism as a theory for teaching and learning. Simply psychology.
  39. Merriam, S. B., & Baumgartner, L. M. (2020). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  40. Metsämuuronen, J. (2017). Essentials of research methods in human sciences: Advanced analysis (Vol. 3). New Delhi: SAGE Publications.
  41. Monillor, J., Michels, N., & Adderly, A. (2024). Pivoting an entrepreneurship experiential learning module online: Applying a concrete experience framework. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 7(4), 416–438.
  42. Muir, T., Douglas, T., & Trimble, A. (2020). Facilitation strategies for enhancing the learning and engagement of online students. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 17(3), 101–118.
  43. Mumtaz, N., Ghulam, S., & Nadir, M. (2020). E-learning in Pakistan: COVID-19 and beyond. Pakistan Bulletin of Health Care Studies, 37(1), 283–287. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.289 
  44. Noah, L. S., & Olusola, O. A. (2015). Reaction of teaching methods role of gender in a convenient educational atmosphere. Publication of Technology in Learning and Social Context, 18(4), 40411.
  45. Potvin, P., & Hasni, A. (2014). Interest, motivation and attitude towards science and technology at K-12 levels: A systematic review of 12 years of educational research. Studies in Science Education, 50(1), 85-129.
  46. Pura, F., & Galicia, S. (2022). Understanding the teachers’ lived experience in teaching technology and  livelihood education (TLE) using modular distance learning in the new normal. International Journal of Management Research and Analysis, 5(6), 35. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v5-i6-35
  47. Ramel, M. R. B. (2020). Learner’s preparedness for digital and remote learning at the Nueva Vizcaya State University. Universal Publication, 6(1), 51-87.
  48. Ravichandran, P., & Shah, A. K. (2020, July). Hidden Crisis: Local hostility and minor maltreatment during the COVID-19 confinement in India. Worldwide Publication of Study in Healthcare Studies, 8(8), 3118. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203477
  49. Rivera, R. (2019). Results of utilizing elements in the performance of seventh grade practical skills learning learners in Jose Lopez Manzano Secondary School in Tuy, Batangas. Ascendens Asia Publication of Integrated Study Outline, 3(2D).
  50. Samosir, R. S. (2017). Filtering and wavelet transform algorithm for old document image restoration. Computers, Mathematics, and Engineering Applications, 8(3), 177-181.
  51. Sangster, A., Stoner, G., & Flood, B. (2020). Insights into accounting education in a COVID-19 world. Accounting Education, 29(5), 431–562. https://doi.org/10.1080/09639284.2020.1808487
  52. Ssemugenyi, F. (2023). Mentoring and learning strategies compared: A pedagogical evaluation of problem-based learning (PBL) and lecture methods in developing students’ knowledge talents. Cogent Education,10(1),2187943. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2187943
  53. Suhendi, A. (2018). Constructivist learning theory: The contribution to foreign language knowledge acquisition and mentoring. KnE Social Sciences, 87-95. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i4.1921
  54. Talaguit, C. (2021). Kasal at hungaw: Courtship and marriage customs in traditional Judeo-Christian and Panay-Bukidnon traditions. De La Salle University, Theology Department. https://tinyurl.com/5bj4thm5
  55. Tamrat, S. (2020, May 14). Revisit Ethical Philosophy as a coaching principle for learning: A critical reflection on Ethiopian higher education institutions. Springer Science Business Media, 5(2), 187-195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40889-020-00095-y 
  56. Tan, M. C. (2021). Practical Skills Learning Knowledge Acquisition in the secondary institution in Northern Samar Division, Eastern Philippines. Asian Publication of Upgraded Study and Documents, 75-84. Recovered from https://www.journalajarr.com/index.php/AJARR/article/view/30369
  57. Tingzon, L. L., & Buyok, H. J. A. (2022). Lived experiences of non- Practical Skills education teachers teaching Practical Skills Education subjects: A phenomenological inquiry. European Journal of Education Studies, 9(11).
  58. UNESCO. (2023). Five questions on transformative education. Updated April 20, 2023. Retrieved September 22, 2023, from https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/five-questions-transformative-education
  59. Vervoort, D., Dearani, J. A., Starnes, V. A., Thourani, V. H., & Nguyen, T. C. (2021). Brave new world: Virtual conferencing and surgical education in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 era. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery–752.
  60. Wang, H. (2023, May 17). How people study: Knowledge supervising. 6(1), 96-101. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/6/20220189 
  61. Yunos, J. M., Sern, L. C., Hamdam, N. H., & Munastiwi, E. (2020). TVET teacher educator’s criteria and roles for sustainable TVET teacher education programs. Journal Name, 10(3), xxx-xxx. Asia Journal of   Multidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 3(2D).
  62. Zhai, Y., & Du, X. (2020). Mental health care for international Chinese students affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e22.

Tools


Copyright © 2026  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic