A Descriptive Correlational Study on the Relationship of Occupational Stress and Organizational Commitment among Teachers: Basis for Faculty Development
John Patrick Arcite
Discipline: others in psychology
Abstract:
Employee commitment plays a significant role in every organization. Even when stressed, employees remain committed to work whenever they feel secure and motivated. This study seeks to determine the levels of organizational commitment and occupational stress among teachers and their relationships. It utilized the descriptive correlational research method and applied the following statistical analysis: mean, Pearson-r, and regression using SPSS software. The research locale of this study is the branches and the main campus of the college. The results revealed that the level of occupational stress among teachers is very high, especially in non-teaching activities and the misbehavior of students. On the other hand, organizational commitment among teachers is occasionally demonstrated in terms of affective, continuance, and normative commitment. The Pearson correlation coefficient revealed an inverse relationship between occupational stress and organizational commitment, with an r-value of -.473. This indicates that as occupational stress increases, organizational commitment decreases, and vice versa. Moreover, time bindings, lack of cooperation, misbehavior of students, and non-teaching activities are the indicators that have significantly influenced organizational commitment, with a p-value less than the set level of significance. Hence, it is recommended to include a stress management seminar as one of the wellness programs to cope with stress, and craft faculty development programs that will lessen occupational stress and boost teachers' commitment to work and the organization.
References:
- Al-Jabari, B. &Ghazzawi, I. (2019). Organizational Commitment: A Review of the Conceptual and Empirical Literature and a Research Agenda. International Leadership Journal “ILJ”, 11(1): 78-119
- Aydin, B., & Kaya, A. (2016). Sources of Stress for Teachers Working in Private Elementary Schools and Methods of Coping with Stress. Universal Journal of Educational Research 4(12A). DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2016.041324
- Bongco, R. T., & Ancho, I. V. (2019). Exploring Filipino teachers' professional workload. Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers & Teacher Education, 9 (2) 19-29.
- Carolina, M. D. R. and Sílvio, L. P (2016). Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Their Possible Influences on Intent to Turnover. Revista de Gestão, Vol. 25 No. 1, 2018: 84-101.
- Carver-Thomas, D., & Darling-Hammond, L. (2019). The trouble with teacher turnover: How teacher attrition affects students and schools. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 27(36). http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.27.3699
- Cheema, A. B., Parveen, A., Ahmad, M., (2022). Analysis of Occupational Stress of Primary School Teachers. Pakistan Social Science Review. http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2022(6-II)15
- Chegini, Z., Janati, A., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., & Khosravizadeh, O. (2019). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, organizational justice and self- efficacy among nurses. Journal of Nursing Practice Today, 6(2), 86–93. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v6i2.913
- Colquitt, JA., LePine, JA., Wesson, MJ., "Organization behavior: Improving performance and commitment in the workplace", New York, The McGraw-Hill Com. Inc., 2009
- Cooper JS, Cartwright C, Donald S, Taylor I, Millet C. The experience of work-related stress across occupations. J Manage Psychol 2005;20(2):178–87.
- Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. USA: Sage publication Inc
- Ćulibrk, J., Delić, M., Mitrović, S., & Ćulibrk, D. (2018). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job involvement: The mediating role of job involvement. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(FEB), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00132
- Darmawan, A., & Putri, M. A. (2017). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 10(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.15408/akt.v9i1.3581
- Desouky D., Allam H. (2017). Occupational stress, anxiety and depression among Egyptian teachers. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 7 (2017) 191–198
- Emma, J. A.,Mónica, C. S. E and Carlos, G. M. (2017). Person-Organization Commitment: Bonds of Internal Consumer in the Context of Nonprofit Organizations.Front. Psychol., 20 July 2017 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01227
- Ferguson K, Frost L, Hall D. Predicting teacher anxiety, depression, and job satisfaction. J Teach Learn 2012; 8:27–42.
- Ford, et al., 2019 T.G. Ford, J. Olsen, J. Khojasteh, J. Ware, A. Urick. The effects of leader support for teacher psychological needs on teacher burnout, commitment, and intent to leave Journal of Educational Administration, 57 (6) (2019), pp. 615-634
- Frelin A., Fransson, G., (2017) Four components that sustain teachers' commitment to students – a relational and temporal model, Reflective Practice, 18:5, 641-654, DOI: 10.1080/14623943.2017.1307722
- Getahun, T., Tefera, B. F., & Burichew, A. H. (2016). Teacher's Job Satisfaction and its Relationship with Organizational Commitment in Ethiopian Primary Schools: Focus On Primary Schools Of Bonga Town. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 12(13).
- Kaur S. Comparative study of occupational stress among teachers of private and govt. schools in relation to their age, gender and teaching experience. Int J Educ Plan Admin 2011;1(2):151–60.
- Kinman, G., & Wray, S. (2013). Higher stress: A survey of stress and well-being among staff in higher education. University and College Union. https://www.ucu.org.uk/media/5911/Higher-stress-a-survey-of-stress-and-well-beingamong-staff-inhigher-education-Jul-13/pdf/HE_stress_report_July_2013.pdf
- Khudaniya KS, Kaji SM. Occupational stress, job satisfaction & mental health among employees of government and non-government sectors. Int J Indian Psychol 2014;2(1):150–8
- Kreitner, R dan Kinicki, A. (2014). Perilaku Organisasi. Edisi 9. Buku 1. Jakarta: SalembaEmpat
- Lazarus, R.S & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and Coping. New York: Springer.
- Mackey, A., & Gass, S. M. (2016). Second language research: Methodology and design (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge
- Maphalala, M. C. (2014). The manifestation of occupational stress in the teaching profession: The unheeded voices of teachers. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5, 77-88. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n1p77
- Mahan PL, Mahan MP, Park NJ, Shelton C, Brown KC, Weaver MT. Work environment stressors, social support, anxiety, and depression among secondary school teachers. AAOHN J 2010; 58:197–9.
- Mehta A. A study of how emotional intelligence reduces occupational stress among teachers. Int Mon Refereed J Res Manage Technol 2015; 2:18–28.
- Meyer, J.P., & Allen, N.J. (2004). TCM Employee Commitment Survey Academic Users Guide 2004. University of Western Ontario
- Mustafa, M. Z. B., Nordin, M. B., Abdul Rasid Bin., Razzaq, A., Ibrahim, B., (2021). ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT OF VOCATIONAL COLLEGE TEACHERS IN MALAYSIA. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt / Egyptology, 17(9), 5023-5029. Retrieved from https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/4737
- Nurulaim, A. Z. &Suhaida, A. K. (2013). Komitmen Guru TerhadapSekolahMenengah Di Daerah Kangar, Perlis. Prosiding Seminar PascaSiswazahDalamPendidikan(GREDUC 2013): 83-87.
- Rathee I. Anxiety, depression and stress: a comparative study of school teachers working in residential and non-residential schools. Int J Res Human Arts Lit 2014;2(8):1–6
- Robbins, S.P & Judge, T.A. (2015). Organizational Behavior, Edition 15. New Jersey: PearsonEducation
- Skaalvik EM, Skaalvik S. Teacher self- efficacy and teacher burnout: a study of relations. Teach Teach Educ 2010; 26:1059–69.
- Skinner, B., Leavey, G., & Rothi, D. (2021). Managerialism and teacher professional identity: Impact on well-being among teachers in the UK. Educational Review, 73(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2018.1556205
- Sokal, L., Trudel, L.E., Babb, J., (2019). I've had it! Factors associated with burnout and low organizational commitment in Canadian teachers during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, International Journal of Educational Research Open, ISSN 2666-3740, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100023
- Tabbal B. C., Liza Caigov L., Jona Guevarra J., Ancho I. V. (2020). Journal of Management, Economics, and Industrial Organization, Vol.4 No.1, 2020, pp.63-75
- Tentama, F., Pranungsari, D. (2016). The Roles of Teachers' Work Motivation and Teachers' Job Satisfaction in the Organizational Commitment in Extraordinary Schools. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol.5, No.1, March 2016, pp. 39 ~ 45 ISSN: 2252-8822
- Tuhumena, HAB., "The relationship betweenworking conditionsand job satisfaction onproduction employees",Jurnal Psikologi, vol/issue: 14(2), pp.53-58, 2004
- YouGov. (2015). Available from URL: https://www.teachers.org.uk/node/24849