Home⇛Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal⇛vol. 50 no. 6 (2025)

Conflict Management Strategies of School Administrators and their Relationship to Employees' Organizational Commitment in Surigao City Pilot School

Lerma Delima | Anjin Pleiadess Cabrera

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

This study examined the conflict management strategies of school administrators in relation to employees' organizational commitment at Surigao City Pilot School, Surigao City, Surigao del Norte, Philippines. Specifically, it investigated the extent of conflict management as perceived by administrators and employees, and the level of organizational commitment of employees was also determined. The significant relationship between conflict management and organizational commitment was likewise determined. The data were gathered from 89 employees and 4 administrators using an adopted and modified survey questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the mean and standard deviation, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient. The study's significant findings are as follows: both employees and administrators agree that administrators consistently use compromising and problem-solving strategies when conflicts arise. Employees report that administrators often employ yielding and even forcing, while avoiding is seldom used. Administrators themselves acknowledge that they often rely on yielding and avoiding, but reserve forcing for Seldom occasions. The employees have expressed Strong affective, continuance, and normative commitments to Surigao City Pilot School. Specifically, compromising and problem-solving strategies showed the strongest positive associations with affective commitment, while yielding moderate correlations with continuance and normative commitment. Lastly, findings indicate that administrators' conflict management styles are significantly related to employees' organizational commitment, suggesting that effective interpersonal strategies may correspond with higher affective engagement within the school. The study recommends developing structured feedback systems to align administrators' self-perceptions with employees' experiences and to encourage consistent use of problem-solving approaches.



References:

  1. Abraham, M., Kaliannan, M., Avvari, M. V., & Thomas, S. (2023). Reframing talent acquisition, retention practices for organisational commitment in Malaysian SMEs: A managerial perspective. Journal of General Management, 03063070231184336. https://doi.org/10.1177/03063070231184336
  2. Acharya, G., & Yasmi, Y. (2008). Conflict management strategy adopted in community forestry of Nepal: A study of four community forests in midwestern region. Banko Janakari, 18(2), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.3126/banko.v18i2.2172
  3. Aggrawal, S., & Magana, A. J. (2024). Teamwork Conflict Management Training and Conflict Resolution Practice via Large Language Models. Future Internet, 16(5), 177. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16050177
  4. Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents ofaffective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63, 1–18.
  5. Ayub, N., AlQurashi, S. M., Al-Yafi, W. A., & Jehn, K. (2017). Personality traits and conflict management styles in predicting job performance and conflict. International Journal of Conflict Management, 28(5), 671–694. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-12-2016-0105
  6. Borisoff, D., & Victor, D. A. (1998). Conflict management: A communication skills approach (2nd ed). Allyn and Bacon.
  7. Bruce, M. J., Chang, A., Evans, L., Streb, M., Dehon, J., & Handal, P. J. (2022). Relationship of Conflict, Conflict Avoidance, and Conflict Resolution to Psychological Adjustment. Psychological Reports, 127(5), 2324–2333. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941221146708
  8. Chanana, N. (2021). The impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on employees organizational commitment and job satisfaction in reference to gender differences. Journal of Public Affairs, 21(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2695
  9. Charpentier, K. A., & Oviedo, F. C. (2024). Strategies for problem solving and conflict management in the classroom with third grade students. Ciencia y Reflexión, 3(2), 107–125. https://doi.org/10.70747/cr.v3i2.10
  10. Chaudhary, S., & Arora, N. (2023). Turning Conflict into Collaboration: The Power of Constructive Conflict Management for Your Team. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(15), 54–66. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.15.006
  11. Chernyak-Hai, L., Bareket-Bojmel, L., & Margalit, M. (2024). A matter of hope: Perceived support, hope, affective commitment, and citizenship behavior in organizations. European Management Journal, 42(4), 576–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2023.03.003
  12. Choi, M., & Yang, J.-S. (2024). Exploring the Complexities of Negotiation: Strategies for Successful Intra- and Inter-Team Negotiation in Organizations. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 27(3), 4. https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5398
  13. De Dreu, C. K. W., Evers, A., Beersma, B., Kluwer, E. S., & Nauta, A. (2001). A theory‐based measure of conflict management strategies in the workplace. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22(6), 645–668. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.107
  14. Deliana. (2015). Managerial Performance in Indonesia Local Government: Impact of Budget Participation and Budget Goal Commitment. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 6(4).
  15. Folger, J. P., Poole, M. S., & Stutman, R. K. (2021). Working Through Conflict: Strategies for Relationships, Groups, and Organizations (9th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003027232
  16. Grego-Planer, D. (2019). The Relationship between Organizational Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in the Public and Private Sectors. Sustainability, 11(22), 6395. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11226395
  17. Gunasingha, R. M. K. D., Lee, H.-J., Zhao, C., & Clay, A. (2023). Conflict resolution styles and skills and variation among medical students. BMC Medical Education, 23(1), 246. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-023-04228-x
  18. Günçavdi-Alabay, G. (2023). The correlation between school administrators’ solution-focused approach and conflict management strategies. African Educational Research Journal, 11(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.30918/AERJ.111.23.012
  19. Haerofiatna, Erlangga, H., Nurjaya, Mulyana, Y., Sunarsi, D., Solahudin, M., Dwiwarman, D. A., Waskita, N. I. D., Rozi, A., Yuangga, K. D., & Purwanto. (2021). The Effect of Organizational Commitment and Work Environment on Job Satisfaction and Teachers Performance. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(7), 109–117.
  20. Hermawan, F., Purnomo, H., Kusumastuti, D., Fitriana, R., Octaleny, E., Ie, M., & Sudadi. (2024). The role of transformational leadership, job satisfaction and organizational commitment on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of SMEs employees in the digital era. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(7), 5194. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i7.5194
  21. Hessari, H., Daneshmandi, F., & Nategh, T. (2024). Examining the Impact of Technostress on Perceived Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role of Individual Innovation. International Journal of Business and Applied Economics, 3(4), 803–824. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijbae.v3i4.9617
  22. Hussein, A. F. F., Al-Mamary, Y. H. S., & Hassan, Y. A. G. (2017). Conflict Management Styles and Organizational Commitment:The Conceptual Framework Development. International Journal of Research in Management, Science & Technology, 5(1).
  23. Khan, A. J., Bashir, F., Nasim, I., & Ahmad, R. (2021). Understanding Affective, Normative & Continuance Commitment through the Lens of Training & Development. iRASD Journal of Management, 3(2), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2021.0302.0030
  24. Kilag, O. K. T., Largo, J. M., Rabillas, A. R., Kilag, F. E., Angtud, M. K. A., Book, J. F. P., & Sasan, J. M. (2024). Administrators’ Conflict Management and Strategies. European Journal of Higher Education and Academic Advancement, 1(2), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.61796/ejheaa.v1i2.98
  25. Kwatubana, S., & Borch, M. (2022). The Conflict Management Styles Adopted by Managers in an FET College in South Africa. E-Bangi Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2022.1902.13
  26. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2022). The burnout challenge: Managing people’s relationships with their jobs. Harvard University Press.
  27. Mehrad, A. (2015). Conflict Management Styles and Staff’ Job Satisfaction at Organization. 4(2).
  28. Namasivayam, K., & Zhao, X. (2007). An investigation of the moderating effects of organizational commitment on the relationships between work–family conflict and job satisfaction among hospitality employees in India. Tourism Management, 28(5), 1212–1223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.09.021
  29. Patulin, E. (2014). Conflict Management of Eployees in Surigao State College of Technology.
  30. Pulido-Martos, M., Gartzia, L., Augusto-Landa, J. M., & Lopez-Zafra, E. (2024). Transformational leadership and emotional intelligence: Allies in the development of organizational affective commitment from a multilevel perspective and time-lagged data. Review of Managerial Science, 18, 2229–2253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-023-00684-3
  31. Rahim, M. A., & Katz, J. P. (2019). Forty years of conflict: The effects of gender and generation on conflict-management strategies. International Journal of Conflict Management, 31(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-03-2019-0045
  32. Shabani, G., Behluli, A., & Qerimi, F. (2022). The Impact of Conflict Management Styles on Organizational Performance: A Comparative Analysis. Emerging Science Journal, 6(4), 758–775. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-07
  33. Srimulyani, V. A., Rustiyaningsih, S., Farida, F. A., & Hermanto, Y. B. (2023). Mediation of “AKHLAK” corporate culture and affective commitment on the effect of inclusive leadership on employee performance. Sustainable Futures, 6, 100138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2023.100138
  34. Torlak, N. G., Budur, T., & Khan, N. U. S. (2024). Links connecting organizational socialization, affective commitment and innovative work behavior. The Learning Organization, 31(2), 227–249. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-04-2023-0053
  35. Valente, S., & Lourenço, A. A. (2020). Conflict in the Classroom: How Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence Influences Conflict Management. Frontiers in Education, 5, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.00005
  36. Wang, X., Guo, Y., & Duan, J. (2022). When does commitment backfire: Linking employee continuance commitment to silence behavior. European Review of Applied Psychology, 72(6), 100797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2022.100797
  37. Weingart, L. R., Jehn, K. A., & Krueger, K. L. (2023). Manage Intrateam Conflict Through Collaboration. In E. Locke & C. Pearce (Eds.), Principles of Organizational Behavior (1st ed., pp. 403–427). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394320769.ch20.
  38. Wertheim, E. (2002). Negotiations and Resolving Conflicts: An Overview. College of Business Administration, Northeastern University Web site. http://web.cba.neu.edu/~ewertheim/interper/negot3.htm

Tools


Copyright © 2026  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic